班级管理中关注较不利者的对策研究

发布时间：2018-11-14 15:31

【摘要】：随着社会向前发展,经济状况日渐好转,贫富差距却愈益明显,导致处于社会不利地位的群体也越来越大。这种经济层面的不利通过资本的转换——传递,进一步固化,甚至强化了他们的不利地位,使得他们不仅在经济层面,也在文化层面表现得也并不尽如人意。文化层面的不利地位也投射到学校之中,使得这个群体的子女在学校场域中同样处于不利处境,我们称之为“较不利者”。这部分学生在学校中遭受着不公平的待遇——处于班级的边缘、常常被老师忽视。因此,我们提出在班级管理中关注较不利者,关注他们的生存状态,剖析现象背后的原因,以提出针对性措施,改善他们的处境。本文将研究问题聚焦于班级中的较不利者,通过问卷调查选取武汉市一所中学里七年级的几个学生为个案,运用观察法、访谈法等方法进行个案研究。通过对个案在学校中发展轨迹的揭示,展露出其代表的较不利群体的不公正处境,进而期望社会、学校、教师关注处境不利的学生,改善他们的现状,促进教育公平。本文主要分为五个部分：第一部分,包括两个方面：一方面,介绍了选题的背景、意义和已有的研究成果,并对其进行了述评。另一方面,对核心概念进行了界定及辨析,并阐述了研究思路和方法。第二部分,明晰在教育实践中关注较不利者的重要性,进而阐明了本研究的价值所在。第三部分,通过对个案的研究,揭示了班级中较不利者的现状——教室中的边缘者、制度上的劣势者、应得的教育资源和权利的缺失者。第四部分,从家庭和学校两个方面剖析较不利者产生的根源。家庭方面：父母受教育程度低、对子女教育不重视、家庭教育中父母缺位等；学校方面：教育体制失衡、教育方式落后、评价考核体系僵化等。第五部分,在前面研究的基础上,提出针对性的改善策略。本研究认为可以从六个方面进行着手：一是加强家校合作；二是建立对班主任的科学考核体系；三是实施关涉型班级管理；四是改进对学生的教育评价模式；五是平衡师生互动,保持教师话语公正；六是尊重学生需要,坚守承认正义。
[Abstract]:With the development of society, the economic situation is getting better, but the gap between the rich and the poor is becoming more and more obvious. This economic disadvantage is further solidified and even strengthened by the transfer of capital, making it not only economically but also culturally unsatisfactory. The cultural disadvantage is also projected into the school, which makes the children of this group equally disadvantaged in the school field, which we call "the less advantaged". This group of students are treated unfairly at school-on the margins of the class and often ignored by teachers. Therefore, we propose to pay attention to the disadvantaged, pay attention to their living conditions and analyze the reasons behind the phenomenon in class management, in order to put forward targeted measures to improve their situation. This paper focuses on the unfavorable students in the class, and selects several students of Grade 7 in a middle school in Wuhan City as a case study by means of observation, interview and other methods. By revealing the development track of the case in the school, the unfair situation of the disadvantaged group represented by the case is revealed, and the society, the school and the teacher are expected to pay attention to the disadvantaged students, improve their present situation and promote the educational fairness. This paper is divided into five parts: the first part includes two aspects: on the one hand, it introduces the background, significance and existing research results of the topic, and reviews it. On the other hand, the core concepts are defined and analyzed, and the research ideas and methods are expounded. In the second part, the author clarifies the importance of paying attention to the unfavorable in the educational practice, and then clarifies the value of this study. The third part, through the case study, reveals the present situation of the more disadvantageous in the class-the marginal person in the classroom, the inferior person in the system, the lack of the education resource and the right that deserves. The fourth part, from the family and the school two aspects analyzes the disadvantageous person to produce the root cause. On the family side, parents have low level of education, pay little attention to the education of their children, lack of parents in family education, and so on; in school, the educational system is out of balance, the educational way is backward, the evaluation and examination system is rigid, and so on. The fifth part, on the basis of the previous research, puts forward targeted improvement strategies. This study holds that we can proceed from six aspects: first, strengthen cooperation between home and school; second, establish a scientific assessment system for class teachers; third, carry out the class management of related type; fourth, improve the educational evaluation model for students; The fifth is to balance the interaction between teachers and students and to keep the teacher's discourse fair, and the sixth is to respect the needs of students and uphold the recognition of justice.
【学位授予单位】：华中师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：G635.1

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