中美初中数学教科书图形与几何的比较研究

发布时间：2018-12-19 12:00

【摘要】：以中国北师大版和美国Glencoe版教科书为研究对象,以问题为分析单位,以内容分析法为研究方法,以版面编排、内容比重、专题容量、概念呈现方式、问题的表征形式及知识属性为比较维度,探讨中国和美国初中数学教科书图形与几何内容的异同。研究发现,两国教科书的版面编排各有特色,美国Glencoe版教科书的问题数是中国的1.5倍。两国教科书的专题容量均以三角形和四边形内容居多。除此之外,美国Glencoe版数学教科书对立体几何、坐标与图形运动等方面重视程度较高,而在其他各专题中北师大版教科书所占比重较高。北师大版教科书的概念以螺旋性结构呈现。在概念的呈现顺序上,北师大版教科书所呈现的概念总体比美国Glencoe版置前,但是北师大版教科书中没有立体几何的相关内容且信息技术的运用比较薄弱。在问题表征形式上,两国均侧重以数学形态表征问题。问题的知识属性存在明显差异,北师大版较重视陈述性知识。而美国Glencoe版教科书较重视程序性知识。提出的我国初中数学教科书的编写建议有:适当提高数学教科书的问题数量,以增加学生的学习机会;课程的螺旋性要更完整,切实符合学生的思维发展顺序;构造多元化的问题表征形式,激发学生的学习动机。
[Abstract]:Taking the textbooks of Beijing normal University of China and Glencoe edition of the United States as the research object, taking the problem as the analysis unit, the content analysis method as the research method, the layout, the content proportion, the special topic capacity, the concept presentation way, The form of representation and knowledge attribute of the problem is a comparative dimension, and the similarities and differences between Chinese and American junior high school mathematics textbook graphics and geometry content are discussed. The study found that the layout of textbooks in the two countries has its own characteristics, and the number of problems in the Glencoe edition of the United States is 1.5 times that of China. The content of textbooks in the two countries are mostly triangular and quadrilateral. In addition, the Glencoe edition of the United States pays more attention to the solid geometry, coordinate and graphic movement, while the Beijing normal University textbook occupies a higher proportion in other topics. The concept of Beijing normal University textbook is presented as a spiral structure. In terms of the presentation order of concepts, the concept presented in the Peking normal University textbook is generally higher than that in the Glencoe version of the United States, but there is no relevant content of solid geometry and the use of information technology is relatively weak in the textbooks of Peking normal University. In the form of problem representation, both countries focus on mathematical representation of the problem. There are obvious differences in the knowledge attributes of the problem, and the Beijing normal University version pays more attention to declarative knowledge. American Glencoe textbook pays more attention to procedural knowledge. The suggestions for compiling mathematics textbooks in junior high schools in China include: properly increasing the number of problems in mathematics textbooks in order to increase students' learning opportunities, the spiral nature of courses should be more complete and accord with the order of students' thinking development; Construct diversified forms of problem representation and stimulate students' learning motivation.
【学位授予单位】：西北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：G633.6

【相似文献】