分析高考物理试题以培养学生综合应用能力的实践
发布时间：2019-01-27 16:39
【摘要】：2007年,我国普通高中全面开始实施课程改革以来,新课程改革给高考命题产生巨大的影响,而高考试题的变化也影响到课程改革的进程。新课程改革与高考试题的变化是相互依赖、相互促进、相互制约的关系。高考是我国管理最严格,规模最庞大,人民最关心的一种选拔性考试。高考的作用不仅对中学教育,甚至对整个社会的价值观都产生巨大的影响,从高考试题的形式和内容中我们不仅可以看出国家的教育目的,更可以看出国家对传统文化的态度,对学生的能力、性格、兴趣等的要求。所以通过分析高考试题而来研究高中教育教学是一项很有意义的工作。本论文以高中课程改革为背景,主要对近几年新课标高考物理试题进行分析与研究,试图总结出新课标高考物理试题的考点分布、命题特点、能力要求等,并通过对高考物理试题的研究来建立一套培养学生综合应用能力的方案。论文第一部分主要综述了前人研究高考物理试题已取的得成果,以及研究高考物理试题的意义和预期达到的研究成果。第二部分详细解读了《物理课程标准》的基本理念与课程目标,解读了《考试说明》的考核目标与要求和考试内容与要求,以及研究《物理课程标准》与《考试说明》对高考的要求与定位。第三部分重点分析新课标高考物理试题的考点分布、命题特点、难易程度、考查能力等几个方面内容,另外较详细的总结了高考物理第25题压轴题的命题规律、试题特点、答题技巧等。第四部分通过研究高考物理试题对学生能力的考查,从而建立起来一套培养方案,以此来培养学生的综合应用能力。笔者通过对比的方法,在两个平行班采用不同的教学模式,一个班采取传统的“先教后学”教学模式;另一个班采取新型的“先学后教”教学模式。这两种教学模式进行了长达半个学期的对比教学,最后为了验证所取得的成果,笔者精心设计了两套专题对两个班进行了系统的测试:一次是分模式教学前的测试,另一次是分模式教学后的测试;在此基础上笔者还设计了问卷调查表,调查研究了两个班对学习物理的兴趣。最后对测试结果进行了科学的分析,确定了“先学后教”教学模式的可行性。第五部分对整篇论文进行总结和反思,指出论文的不足。
[Abstract]:Since the implementation of curriculum reform in Chinese senior high schools in 2007, the new curriculum reform has had a great impact on the proposition of the college entrance examination, and the change of the examination questions has also affected the course of curriculum reform. The new curriculum reform and the change of college entrance examination questions depend on each other, promote each other, and restrict each other. College entrance examination is the most strict management, the largest scale, the people are most concerned about a selection test. The role of the college entrance examination not only has a great impact on secondary school education, but also on the values of the society as a whole. From the form and content of the examination questions, we can not only see the purpose of the country's education, but also the attitude of the country towards traditional culture. A requirement for a student's ability, character, interest, etc. Therefore, it is a meaningful work to study the teaching of senior high school by analyzing the examination questions of college entrance examination. With the background of curriculum reform in senior high school, this paper mainly analyzes and studies the physics examination questions of the college entrance examination under the new curriculum standard in recent years, and tries to summarize the distribution of the test points, the characteristics of the proposition, the requirements of the ability, and so on. And through the study of the physics examination questions of the college entrance examination, a set of plan to train the students' comprehensive application ability is established. The first part of the thesis mainly summarizes the achievements of the previous studies on the physics examination questions of the college entrance examination, the significance of the study of the physics examination questions of the college entrance examination and the expected research results. The second part explains the basic idea and curriculum goal of Physics Curriculum Standard in detail, and explains the examination goal and requirement, the content and requirement of examination. And study the requirements and orientation of the college entrance examination in Physics Curriculum Standard and examination explanation. The third part focuses on the analysis of the distribution of the test points, the characteristics of the proposition, the degree of difficulty, the ability of examination, and so on. In addition, the paper summarizes in more detail the rule of proposition and the characteristics of the test question of the 25th question of the college entrance examination physics. Skill in answering questions, etc In the fourth part, by studying the examination of the students' ability in the physics examination of the college entrance examination, a set of training scheme is established to train the students' comprehensive application ability. The author adopts different teaching modes in two parallel classes, one class adopts the traditional teaching mode of "teaching before learning" and the other class adopts the new teaching mode of "learning first before teaching". These two teaching models have been compared for half a semester. Finally, in order to verify the results achieved, the author carefully designed two sets of topics to carry out systematic tests on the two classes: one is the test before the teaching of the sub-model. The other is the test after the sub-mode teaching; On this basis, the author also designed a questionnaire to investigate the interest of the two classes in learning physics. Finally, the test results are analyzed scientifically and the feasibility of teaching mode is determined. The fifth part summarizes and reflects on the whole paper and points out the deficiency of the paper.
【学位授予单位】：内蒙古师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：G633.7
本文编号：2416468
[Abstract]:Since the implementation of curriculum reform in Chinese senior high schools in 2007, the new curriculum reform has had a great impact on the proposition of the college entrance examination, and the change of the examination questions has also affected the course of curriculum reform. The new curriculum reform and the change of college entrance examination questions depend on each other, promote each other, and restrict each other. College entrance examination is the most strict management, the largest scale, the people are most concerned about a selection test. The role of the college entrance examination not only has a great impact on secondary school education, but also on the values of the society as a whole. From the form and content of the examination questions, we can not only see the purpose of the country's education, but also the attitude of the country towards traditional culture. A requirement for a student's ability, character, interest, etc. Therefore, it is a meaningful work to study the teaching of senior high school by analyzing the examination questions of college entrance examination. With the background of curriculum reform in senior high school, this paper mainly analyzes and studies the physics examination questions of the college entrance examination under the new curriculum standard in recent years, and tries to summarize the distribution of the test points, the characteristics of the proposition, the requirements of the ability, and so on. And through the study of the physics examination questions of the college entrance examination, a set of plan to train the students' comprehensive application ability is established. The first part of the thesis mainly summarizes the achievements of the previous studies on the physics examination questions of the college entrance examination, the significance of the study of the physics examination questions of the college entrance examination and the expected research results. The second part explains the basic idea and curriculum goal of Physics Curriculum Standard in detail, and explains the examination goal and requirement, the content and requirement of examination. And study the requirements and orientation of the college entrance examination in Physics Curriculum Standard and examination explanation. The third part focuses on the analysis of the distribution of the test points, the characteristics of the proposition, the degree of difficulty, the ability of examination, and so on. In addition, the paper summarizes in more detail the rule of proposition and the characteristics of the test question of the 25th question of the college entrance examination physics. Skill in answering questions, etc In the fourth part, by studying the examination of the students' ability in the physics examination of the college entrance examination, a set of training scheme is established to train the students' comprehensive application ability. The author adopts different teaching modes in two parallel classes, one class adopts the traditional teaching mode of "teaching before learning" and the other class adopts the new teaching mode of "learning first before teaching". These two teaching models have been compared for half a semester. Finally, in order to verify the results achieved, the author carefully designed two sets of topics to carry out systematic tests on the two classes: one is the test before the teaching of the sub-model. The other is the test after the sub-mode teaching; On this basis, the author also designed a questionnaire to investigate the interest of the two classes in learning physics. Finally, the test results are analyzed scientifically and the feasibility of teaching mode is determined. The fifth part summarizes and reflects on the whole paper and points out the deficiency of the paper.
【学位授予单位】：内蒙古师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：G633.7
【参考文献】
相关期刊论文 前2条
1 崔乃忠;叶双;赵宏微;;对近年高考物理实验试题的分析[J];教学与管理;2008年13期
2 杨昌彪;;近五年广东高考物理计算题分析及启示[J];物理教学探讨;2009年22期
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