基于情境学习的企业培训课程设计策略研究

发布时间：2018-11-01 13:39

【摘要】：企业培训不仅是提高企业人力资源水平的直接方式,而且是增强企业核心竞争力的有效途径。有效的企业培训课程是完成企业培训内容、实现企业培训目标的重要手段。其中,科学合理的企业培训课程设计是企业培训课程实效的保证,其重要性不言而喻。当前我国企业培训课程设计出现了一系列问题,导致企业培训的实效性不高。探索基于情境学习的企业培训课程设计策略可以帮助解决企业培训课程设计存在的问题,进而提高企业培训实效。1990年代,情境学习理论成为学习理论研究领域的主流。形成了包括以莱夫和温格(LaveWenger)为代表的人类学视角,以布朗、柯林斯和杜吉德(Brown,CillinsDuguid)为代表的心理学视角以及以格里诺(Greeno)为代表的强的知识情境观。认为学习的过程实际上是实践共同体中“合法的边缘性参与”,重视认知与学习的交互特性和实践的重要性。并在随后的实证研究中形成了独特的学习课程观以及认知学徒制、抛锚式教学、实习场等课程与教学的实践方法。情境学习的理论观点和实践方法对企业培训课程设计具有独特的指导价值。本文采用文献法、理论研究法、比较研究法、问卷调查法等研究方法研究了情境学习的相关理论及对企业培训课程设计的指导价值、我国企业培训课程设计的现状与问题等内容。提出了以情境学习理论为指导的企业培训课程设计的具体策略:(1)尊重员工主体性的企业培训课程需求分析策略;(2)以解决学员实际问题为核心的企业培训课程目标制定策略;(3)促进情境性、工具性知识和技能掌握的企业培训课程内容开发与组织策略;(4)关注个体与情境互动的企业培训课程实施策略;(5)以学员的行为改善为核心、贯穿学习过程始末的企业培训课程评价策略。本文的创新之处在于,在研究视角层面,以情境学习理论为视角,提出了我国企业培训课程设计的方法。一方面为研究我国企业培训课程设计提供新的理论依据,另一方面为情境学习在我国成人教育培训领域的应用做了大胆的尝试,拓宽了情境学习的应用范畴;在研究内容上,本文将情境学习在企业培训课程设计中的应用研究从理念转变的层面延伸至实践应用层面,使研究更加深入;在研究方法层面,本文运用问卷调查法,对相关问题进行了调查研究,为本文的研究结论提供了数据支持。本文的不足之处是:首先,在文献搜集和整理方面,本文对国外情境学习在企业培训课程设计中的应用研究现状的文献资料收集还不够全面。其次,在提出策略的时候,本文仅做了理论分析。如果能将这些策略付诸实践,深入展开实验研究,研究结果将更加具有说服力。
[Abstract]:Enterprise training is not only a direct way to improve the level of human resources, but also an effective way to enhance the core competitiveness of enterprises. Effective enterprise training course is an important means to complete the content of enterprise training and realize the goal of enterprise training. Among them, the scientific and reasonable design of enterprise training curriculum is the guarantee of the effectiveness of enterprise training curriculum, and its importance is self-evident. At present, there are a series of problems in the course design of enterprise training in our country, which leads to the low effectiveness of enterprise training. Exploring the strategy of enterprise training curriculum design based on situational learning can help solve the problems existing in the course design of enterprise training, and then improve the effectiveness of enterprise training. In 1990s, situational learning theory became the mainstream in the field of learning theory. It forms an anthropological perspective represented by Leif and Wenger (LaveWenger), a psychological perspective represented by Brown, Collins and Brown,CillinsDuguid, and a strong knowledge situational view represented by (Greeno). It is believed that the process of learning is in fact "legal marginal participation" in the community of practice, and the importance of interaction between cognition and learning and the importance of practice is emphasized. In the subsequent empirical research, we have formed a unique view of learning curriculum and cognitive apprenticeship, anchored teaching, practical practice of teaching and other courses and teaching methods. The theory and practice of situational learning have a unique guiding value for the design of enterprise training curriculum. This paper studies the relevant theories of situational learning and its guiding value to the design of enterprise training curriculum by using literature method, theoretical research method, comparative research method, questionnaire method and so on. The present situation and problems of enterprise training curriculum design in China. The specific strategies of enterprise training curriculum design guided by situational learning theory are put forward: (1) requirement analysis strategy of enterprise training curriculum based on respecting employee's subjectivity; (2) the strategy of enterprise training course which focuses on solving students' practical problems, (3) promoting the content development and organization strategy of enterprise training course with situational, instrumental knowledge and skill mastery; (4) the implementation strategy of enterprise training curriculum which pays close attention to the interaction between individual and situation; (5) the evaluation strategy of enterprise training curriculum, which takes the improvement of students' behavior as the core and runs through the process of learning. The innovation of this paper is that, from the perspective of research perspective, this paper puts forward the method of enterprise training curriculum design in our country from the perspective of situational learning theory. On the one hand, it provides a new theoretical basis for the study of enterprise training curriculum design in China, on the other hand, it makes a bold attempt for the application of situational learning in the field of adult education and training in China, and widens the scope of application of situational learning. On the research content, this paper extends the application research of situational learning in the design of enterprise training curriculum from the level of concept change to the level of practical application, which makes the research more in-depth. At the level of research methods, this paper uses questionnaire to investigate and study the related problems, which provides data support for the conclusions of this paper. The shortcomings of this paper are as follows: first of all, in the aspect of literature collection and collation, this paper is not comprehensive enough to collect the literature on the application of situational learning in enterprise training curriculum design. Secondly, when putting forward the strategy, this paper only makes a theoretical analysis. If these strategies can be put into practice and the experimental research is carried out, the results will be more convincing.
【学位授予单位】：四川师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G726

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