中度智力障碍儿童排序技能训练研究

发布时间：2019-01-17 21:21

【摘要】：研究表明,目前国内外已有大量针对普通儿童排序技能的研究,但针对智力障碍儿童排序技能训练的实证研究较少。排序技能训练有利于个体排序能力的发展,而排序技能的掌握对于智力障碍儿童而言是一件较为困难的事,因此智障儿童迫切需要得到相关训练,以提高其整体认知能力,从而提高其适应社会的能力。众所周知,个体完成一项排序任务,要历经的认知过程为:感知物体、比较差异、形成有序概念、进行排列操作,最后验证顺序的正确性。本研究的主旨在于,基于对中度智力障碍儿童的排序能力发展的考察,探索适合中度智障儿童排序技能训练的方法,并验证此类训练方法的有效性。据此,本研究采用单一被试实验研究的ABA型设计,以某辅读学校的两名中度智障儿童为研究对象,以量的排序、规则排序和事件排序为主要内容,并以完成排序任务所需要的排序技能为核心内容编写了若干适合中度智障儿童的排序训练活动,分别对他们都实施了为期10周共20次的个别训练。并采用自编的《中度智障儿童排序能力考察表》,分别对两名儿童的排序能力表现进行了 19次考察,收集了他们在基线期、介入期及追踪期排序能力的进展数据,并采用视觉分析和C统计方法对考察数据进行分析。经过分析讨论,得出的研究结果如下:(1)甲生和乙生在接受训练的过程中,排序能力考察总得分呈现出明显提升的变化趋势,达到显著性水平。(2)甲生和乙生的量的排序能力、规则排序能力和事件排序能力的考察得分也都呈现出明显提升的变化趋势。(3)甲生和乙生的排序能力的提高在介入期的前半阶段更为显著。根据研究结果并结合两名儿童在训练过程中的实际表现,可知排序技能训练能有效提升中度智障儿童的排序能力;在对他们进行排序技能训练时,应注重训练材料的多样性与训练活动的趣味性,以保持智障儿童对排序活动本身的关注。
[Abstract]:The research shows that there have been a lot of researches on the sequencing skills of common children at home and abroad, but there are few empirical studies on the training of sorting skills for children with mental retardation. Sequencing skills training is beneficial to the development of individual sequencing ability, and the mastery of sequencing skills is difficult for children with intellectual disabilities. Therefore, children with intellectual disabilities urgently need to get relevant training in order to improve their overall cognitive ability. In order to improve its ability to adapt to society. As we all know, the cognitive process that an individual has to go through in order to complete a sorting task is to perceive objects, compare differences, form an ordered concept, conduct an arrangement operation, and finally verify the correctness of the sequence. The main purpose of this study is to explore the method of ranking skills training for children with moderate mental retardation based on the study of the development of the ranking ability of children with moderate mental retardation and to verify the effectiveness of this training method. Based on this, this study adopts the ABA type design of a single subject experiment, taking two children with moderate mental retardation in an auxiliary school as the research object, and taking quantitative sorting, regular sorting and event ordering as the main contents. Based on the sequencing skills needed to complete the sorting task, some sort training activities for children with moderate mental retardation were compiled, and 20 individual training sessions were carried out for each of them for 10 weeks. The ranking ability of two children with moderate mental retardation was investigated for 19 times by using the self-made "ranking ability Table of moderately mentally disabled Children", and the progress data of their ranking ability in baseline period, intervention period and tracking period were collected. Visual analysis and C statistical methods were used to analyze the data. After analysis and discussion, the results are as follows: (1) in the process of training, the total scores of ranking ability showed a significant improvement trend. Reached the significant level. (2) the ranking ability of the quantity of A and B, The scores of regular sorting ability and event sorting ability also showed an obvious increasing trend. (3) the improvement of sorting ability of A and B was more significant in the first half of interventional period. According to the results of the study and the actual performance of the two children in the training process, we can see that sequencing skills training can effectively improve the ranking ability of children with moderate intellectual disabilities. The diversity of training materials and the interest of training activities should be paid attention to in order to keep the attention of children with mental retardation.
【学位授予单位】：华东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G764

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