美国高校信息化战略规划及其启示

发布时间：2018-01-16 20:14

本文关键词：美国高校信息化战略规划及其启示　出处：《西华师范大学》2016年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着教育信息化的推进,IT已经成为支撑高校教学、科研和管理的关键,各高校已经将构建智慧校园作为高校信息化建设的目标,从而实现教学信息化、科研信息化和管理信息化。但是当前高校信息化建设体系中存在一些诸如高校IT战略目标与高校发展目标不一致,IT无法支持高校业务发展,缺少IT资源服务管理以及IT部门权责机制不明确等现象,阻碍了高校信息化建设发展。而高校信息化规划则可以明确学校信息化建设的愿景、使命和目标,制定实现学校信息化建设目标的具体措施,避免高校信息化建设的盲目性,保障高校信息化建设与高校发展战略目标协同发展,实现统筹规划,促进IT有效支持高校教学、科研和管理。本文采用文献研究法和案例分析法,通过研究美国和我国高校信息化规划建设现状并归纳出我国高校信息化建设当前存在的问题,文献分析出造成这种现象的原因之一就是我国高校缺乏系统的信息化规划。以美国波士顿大学技术规划、哈佛大学IT战略规划和我国复旦大学信息化校园建设规划为例,从高校信息化规划的内容、过程和实施三方面分析并比较这三所学校的信息化建设规划,总结美国高校如何开展信息化规划。通过美国高校信息化战略规划的案例从如何制定信息化规划和开展信息化规划的方向两方面给予我国高校启示。在信息化规划内容方面的启示主要体现在高校信息化规划时应结合学校自身的信息化建设现状,将新兴的技术如数据挖掘技术、云计算和移动通信等融入高校信息化建设,推进高校信息化建设进程。在信息化战略规划过程方面提出我国高校信息化规划的一般过程,即IT人才队伍是高校信息化规划的前提、现状调研是关键、IT战略规划内容是核心、实施监督是开展高校信息化建设的保障。并且提出高校开展信息化规划的具体策略,包括:利用科学的信息化规划方法SWOT模型定位组织的信息化战略目标;通过分析组织当前的信息化建设现状和同行业最佳实践找出两者之间的差距,从而寻找组织的信息化需求;从组织的信息化战略目标、信息化规划的主要任务和实现目标的具体行动措施三方面入手制定信息化规划文本;制定信息化架构和实施方案。本研究的目的是通过以上分析与探究,期望能通过美国高校对我国高校信息化规划的启示提出我国制定高校信息化规划的一般过程和具体实施策略,为我国高校信息化建设提供借鉴。
[Abstract]:With the development of educational informatization, IT has become the key to support teaching, scientific research and management in colleges and universities. Universities have taken the construction of intelligent campus as the goal of information construction in colleges and universities, so as to realize the informatization of teaching. However, there are some problems in the current information construction system, such as the inconsistency between the strategic objectives of IT and the development goals of colleges and universities, and the fact that IT cannot support the development of university business. The lack of IT resource service management and the lack of clear authority and responsibility mechanism of IT departments hinder the development of information construction in colleges and universities, and the information planning of colleges and universities can clarify the vision, mission and goal of the information construction of schools. To formulate concrete measures to realize the goal of university informatization construction, to avoid blindness of university informatization construction, to ensure the coordinated development of university informatization construction and university development strategy goal, and to realize overall planning. To promote IT to effectively support teaching, research and management in colleges and universities. This paper adopts the method of literature research and case analysis. By studying the current situation of university informatization planning and construction in the United States and China, this paper concludes the problems existing in the information construction of colleges and universities in our country. The literature analysis shows that one of the reasons for this phenomenon is the lack of systematic information planning in our universities. For example, the IT strategic planning of Harvard University and the information campus construction plan of Fudan University in China are analyzed and compared from three aspects: the content, the process and the implementation of the informatization planning of the three universities. This paper summarizes how to carry out informatization planning in American colleges and universities. Through the case of informatization strategic planning in American colleges and universities, it gives us some enlightenment from two aspects: how to formulate information planning and the direction of developing information planning. The enlightenment of the content is mainly reflected in the information planning of colleges and universities should be combined with the status quo of the information construction of the school itself. New technologies such as data mining, cloud computing and mobile communications will be integrated into the university information construction. In the process of informatization strategic planning, the general process of informatization planning in colleges and universities in China is put forward, that is, IT talent team is the premise of information planning in colleges and universities, and current situation investigation is the key. The content of IT strategic planning is the core, and the implementation of supervision is the guarantee to carry out the informatization construction in colleges and universities. It includes: using scientific information planning method SWOT model to locate the strategic goal of organization's informatization; By analyzing the current situation of information construction and the best practice of the same industry, we can find out the gap between the two, so as to find out the information needs of the organization. The text of information planning is made from three aspects: the strategic goal of organization, the main task of information planning and the concrete action measures to achieve the goal. The purpose of this study is to analyze and explore above. It is expected that the general process and concrete implementation strategy of formulating the informatization planning of colleges and universities in our country can be put forward through the enlightenment of American colleges and universities on the information planning of our country, which can provide a reference for the informatization construction of our country's colleges and universities.
【学位授予单位】：西华师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：G647

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