云南省农村订单定向本科医学生教学状况及教学体系探索研究

发布时间：2018-01-21 17:14

本文关键词： 农村订单定向医学生本科教学状况教学体系云南省　出处：《昆明医科大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：[目的]本研究旨在通过对云南省3所本科高等院校进行实证研究,切实了解农村订单定向本科医学生教学状况,发现存在的问题,在对基本情况、理论课程设置、实践教学安排等内容及其影响因素进行概括和分析的基础上,适应云南省实情,以全科医师规范化培训需求和农村医疗卫生工作需求为导向,对农村订单定向本科医学生的教学体系进行探索,为规范和促进云南省农村订单定向本科医学生的培养工作提供可行的对策和建议。[方法]本研究选取招收农村订单定向本科医学生的昆明医科大学、大理大学、昆明理工大学为研究现场,运用分层整群抽样和偶遇抽样的方法抽取1673名学生和121名教师作为问卷调查对象,选取7名管理人员、10名师资、62名学生作为访谈对象。采用问卷调查、个人访谈法和现有资料收集等方式现场收集信息。问卷调查内容包括农村订单定向本科医学生和师资的基本信息,订单定向医学生的培养目标、课程设置、教学安排、实践教学等内容评价。个人访谈内容包括农村订单定向本科医学生、师资、管理人员对农村订单定向医学生相关政策、课程设置、教学管理等内容的看法、存在的困难和建议等。现有资料收集内容包括培养目标、课程设置、教学内容、实践教学等情况资料。现有资料和访谈资料采用归纳法进行总结分析,问卷调查资料采用Epidata3.1建立数据库,对数据进行录入核对整理后,导入SPSS22.0统计软件包进行χ2检验、秩和检验、二分类非条件Logistic回归等统计学分析。[结果]1.云南省农村订单定向本科医学生培养项目已启动实施多年,但是教学组织实施较不规范。昆明医科大学和大理大学于2010年首批培养订单定向本科医学生的学校,单列制订了农村订单定向医学生的培养目标、课程体系和教学内容,实践教学安排等,住院医师规范化培训项目在云南省全面开展实施,全科医师规范化培训内容也在逐步完善,但是这2所学校没有根据此项目重新规划订单定向本科医学生的教学体系,甚至个别学校仍没有制订单独的农村订单定向本科医学生教学体系,培养目标、教学内容和实践教学安排与普通临床医学专业学生一致。2.云南省61.75%的农村订单定向本科医学生评价就读学校订单定向医学生教学状况好,认为教学状况可以培养出今后能够在基层医疗卫生机构工作的人才。性别、年级、就读类型、户籍与就职地、培养目标知晓、课程有助于基层卫生工作、教材满足知识学习需求、课程考核形式、学习期望效果是评价学校订单定向医学生教学状况好坏的影响因素。培养目标方面,58.47%的师资和57.84%的学生知道本校订单定向医学生的培养目标,92.75%的师资和78.14%的学生认为本校订单定向医学生培养目标合理。课程体系和教学内容方面,分别有89.46%和77.50%的学生满意本校订单定向医学生必修课的课程内容模块设置和选修课课程内容安排,96.61%的师资和92.19%的学生认为负责讲授/本校开设的订单定向医学生课程能够有助于从事今后的基层卫生工作,81.36%的师资和86.86%的学生认为需要以执业医师考试要求设置订单定向医学生的课程模块,84.75%的师资和86.48%的学生认为需要以执业医师考试要求和住院医师规范化培训要求设置订单定向医学生的课程模块。教学方法方面,91.01%的学生满意本校订单定向医学生开设课程的教学方法,88.14%的师资认为订单定向医学生教学可采取方法最多的是案例教学。课程考核形式方面,91.13%的学生满意本校订单定向医学生开设课程的考核形式,52.54%的师资认为最适合订单定向医学生的课程考核形式是笔试+技能操作+ 口试。实践教学安排方面,84.13%的学生满意本校订单定向医学生的临床实践技能培训,87.85%的学生满意本校订单定向医学生的临床综合医院实习安排,85.86%的学生满意本校订单定向医学生的基层医院实习安排。3.云南省订单定向本科医学生、师资、管理人员分别对课程体系和教学内容、课程考核形式、临床实践教学安排等内容阐述了自己的看法。访谈对象普遍反映理论课课程内容安排与普通临床医学专业一致,只是增加了一些全科医学方面的内容,但是没有考虑到地方特点,应该开设或增设民族风俗文化类、地方病等诊断及治疗、中医学诊疗技术等专业选修课程,同时开设针对订单定向本科医学生的职业规划课程,并从一年级到五年级采用不同方式均开设。调整实践教学内容、时间的安排,注重培养学生的综合能力。另外,课程考核形式应该多样化,注重多站式考核。4.基于云南省农村订单定向本科医学生教学状况的理论研究、现场研究、专家咨询等结果,探索构建云南省农村订单定向本科医学生教学体系。[结论]①农村订单定向本科医学生培养项目的教学组织实施不规范;②农村订单定向医学生培养的相关政策宣传不到位;③农村订单定向医学生课程体系和教学内容安排较不合理;④农村订单定向医学生教学方法和考核形式需改进;⑤农村订单定向医学生实践教学体系不完善;⑥农村订单定向医学生教学管理工作有欠缺。[建议]①规范各学校订单定向本科医学生教学组织管理工作;②基于省情,制定符合人才特点的农村订单定向本科医学生培养目标;③以岗位责任和胜任力为导向,优化设置农村订单定向医学生课程体系;④以提升教学质量为目标,采用多样化的教学方法和考核评价方式;⑤对实践教学安排及内容进一步优化调整;⑥适当增加基层医疗卫生机构见习或实习时间;⑦注重订单定向本科医学生教学师资队伍建设;⑧建立订单定向本科医学生的教学质量监控体系。
[Abstract]:[Objective] this study aims to make an empirical study of Yunnan province 3 undergraduate colleges and universities, to understand the teaching situation of the order directed undergraduate medical students in rural areas, the problems found in the basic situation, curriculum theory, based on the summary and analysis of the practical teaching content arrangement and its influencing factors, to Yunnan province. And in standardized training of general practitioners and demand of rural medical and health work demand, to explore the rural order directed medical undergraduates teaching system, provide countermeasures and suggestions. This research selects the feasible method to recruit rural order directed undergraduate medical students of Kunming Medical University, to regulate and promote the cultivation of rural order directed in Yunnan province the Department of medical students at the University of Dali, Kunming University of Science and Technology as the research site, extraction method using stratified cluster sampling and random sampling of 1673 students And 121 teachers as subjects, selected 7 management personnel, 10 teachers, 62 students as the interview object. By using the questionnaire survey, individual interview and the existing data collection site to collect information. The questionnaire included basic information of rural order directed undergraduate medical students and teachers, arrange the order directed medical students the training objectives, curriculum, teaching, practice teaching content evaluation. Personal interviews include rural order directed undergraduate medical students, teachers, managers of rural medical orders directed students policy, curriculum setting, teaching management and other contents of the view, the difficulties and suggestions. The existing data collection includes the training target, the curriculum, teaching content, practice teaching and other information. The existing data and interview data were analyzed using the inductive method, the questionnaire survey data using Epidata3.1 To set up the database, the data entry after finishing, import SPSS22.0 software package 2 test, rank sum test, two classification of non conditional Logistic regression and other statistical analysis. Results]1. project training in Yunnan province rural order directed undergraduate medical students has been started for many years, but the organization and implementation of teaching is not normative. The Kunming Medical University and the University of Dali in 2010 the first batch of order training orientation of undergraduate medical students in school, separate developed rural order directed medical students training objectives, curriculum system and teaching content, teaching arrangements, resident standardized training program in Yunnan province to carry out a comprehensive implementation of standardized training of general practitioners also gradually improve, but the 2 school according to the project planning to order orientation of undergraduate medical students teaching system, and even individual schools still did not make separate rural order Teaching system, orientation of undergraduate medical students training objectives, rural order directed undergraduate medical students to evaluate the teaching contents and teaching practice arrangements with ordinary medical students with.2. in Yunnan province 61.75% school medical orders directed students teaching situation, teaching situation can be thought to develop in the future to be able to work in grassroots medical and health institutions personnel sex. School type, residence, grade, and inauguration, training target awareness, course helps grassroots health work, meet the learning needs of teaching knowledge, curriculum assessment, learning expectation effect is the factors affecting the quality of teaching in schools. The order directed medical students' training objectives, teachers and 57.84% 58.47% of the students know the school the order directed medical students training objectives, teachers and 78.14% students 92.75% think the school order directed to cultivate medical students' rational curriculum target. In terms of system and teaching content, respectively 89.46% and 77.50% of the students are satisfied with the contents of curriculum modules compulsory medical orders directed students to set up and elective courses in our school, teachers and 92.19% students think 96.61% responsible for teaching / the school offered medical orders directed courses can help students engage in grassroots health work in the future the teacher and 86.86% students 81.36% that need to physician examination requirements of curriculum module orders directed medical students, teachers and 86.48% students 84.75% that need to test for certified physician and hospital standarlized training curriculum module of medical orders directed students. Teaching methods, 91.01% students satisfied the teaching method of the school medical orders directed students courses, 88.14% teachers think that students can take the teaching oriented medical order method is the largest case teaching . of course assessment form, 91.13% of the students are satisfied with the appraisal form of medical orders directed students courses, 52.54% teachers think the most suitable curriculum assessment in the form of medical orders directed students is written + skills + oral. Practice teaching arrangement, 84.13% students satisfied with the school order directed medical students' clinical practice skills general hospital clinical training, 87.85% students satisfied with the school medical orders directed the internship arrangements, 85.86% of the students are satisfied with the school hospital medical orders directed the internship arrangements for Yunnan province.3. order directed undergraduate medical students, teachers, administrators of the curriculum system and teaching content, curriculum evaluation, clinical practice teaching arrangement etc. The content presented their views. Interviewees generally reflect the arrangement of the content curriculum theory is consistent with the ordinary clinical medicine, just added some general Medical contents, but did not take into account the local characteristics, to open or expand ethnic customs and culture should, diagnosis and treatment of endemic diseases, traditional Chinese medicine treatment technology and other professional elective courses, opened at the same time occupation planning course order orientation of undergraduate medical students, and from the first grade to the fifth grade by different ways are provided. The practice teaching content, time arrangement, pay attention to the cultivation of students' comprehensive ability. In addition, curriculum evaluation should be diversified, focusing on multi station examination of.4. theory research, rural order directed undergraduate medical students in Yunnan province teaching situation based on field research, expert consultation results, explore the construction of training project of rural teaching organization is not standardized order oriented teaching system for undergraduate medical students in Yunnan province. Conclusion] rural order directed undergraduate medical students; policy order directed medical students cultivate the rural. Publicity is not in place; the rural order directed medical students to arrange the curriculum system and teaching content is not reasonable; the rural order directed medical students teaching methods and examination forms should be improved; the practical teaching system of rural order directed medical students is not perfect; the rural order directed medical students teaching management. There is a lack of suggestions of teaching organization] the management of the school order oriented undergraduate medical students; based on the situation, develop in line with the characteristics of talent of rural order directed undergraduate medical students training objectives; the job responsibility and competency oriented, optimization of rural order directed medical students curriculum system; in order to improve the teaching quality as the goal, using a variety of teaching methods and evaluation on the way; practice teaching content arrangement and further optimized; the appropriate increase in basic medical and health institutions internship time, pay attention to order; The construction of teaching staff in single orientation undergraduate medical students teaching; building up the order oriented medical undergraduates teaching quality monitoring system.

【学位授予单位】：昆明医科大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：R-4;G642

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