基于职业锚理论的本科生择业问题及对策研究

发布时间：2018-02-14 14:16

本文关键词： 本科生职业锚择业　出处：《广西师范大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：职业锚理论是由美国著名的职业指导专家、人力资源管理专家施恩教授领导的研究小组在对麻省理工大学斯隆商学院毕业生的职业生涯研究中演绎成的。职业锚理论是重要的职业指导理论之一,也是现代人力资源管理的重要理论之一。职业锚测评量表被广泛的应用到企业员工的职业定位当中,帮助已就业的员工重新开展职业定位,最大限度的做到人职匹配。然而,职业锚理论则很少被应用到高校学生群体中,而相关的理论研究也存在不足。本文拟选取本科生作为研究对象,探究职业锚理论在本科生择业中的应用。本文正文部分主要包含六部分。第一部分主要介绍了本研究的选题背景、问题的提出、选题意义、研究方法,以及相关理论的国内外研究,包括职业锚的国内外研究以及择业指导理论的国内外研究;第二部分主要介绍了本科生职业锚的现状分析,通过问卷调查获取本科生的职业锚数据进行分析,并展开比较研究;第三部分指出本科生职业锚调查和部分本科生访谈中发现的问题;第四部分主要从四个层面分析了影响本科生择业的原因,包括社会层面、政策层面、学校层面和个人层面,进行了详细的分析;第五部分是对利用职业锚理论帮助本科生择业的对策建议,包括如何运用职业锚帮助本科生择业和建议。第六部分是对本研究的总结和展望。本研究在文献研究、问卷调查和访谈的基础上,选取武汉、桂林两地四所高校的本科生作为研究对象。发放问卷250份,有效回收问卷211份,并对四所高校的30名本科生进行了访谈。根据调查数据分析本科生择业存在的问题及原因,探究职业锚对本科生择业的作用,并提出对策建议。主要研究结论如下:第一、职业锚理论为本科生的择业提供了新的理论指导。第二、职业锚测评量表为本科生择业提供可靠的测评工具,够帮助本科生确定其职业锚类型,帮助其择业。第三、本科生的职业锚问题较多,通过本科生职业锚调查发现本科生对职业锚理论的认识缺失,对职业选择也没有清晰的认识,对职业规划重视度不够,需要提高职业锚认识。第四、职业锚理论帮助本科生自我定位,提升就业意识,打破传统的就业观念,形成正确的择业观。第五、应当尽早帮助本科生开发职业锚,并在大学的学习实践过程中适当调整,最终形成较为准确的职业锚。
[Abstract]:Career Anchor Theory is a leading professional guidance expert in the United States, A team led by Professor Schein, an expert in human resources management, developed a study of the careers of MIT Sloan graduates. The career anchor theory is one of the most important career guidance theories. It is also one of the important theories of modern human resource management. The career Anchor scale is widely used in the career positioning of employees in enterprises, helping the employed employees to re-develop their career positioning, and to maximize the personnel and job matching. The vocational anchor theory is seldom applied to the college student group, and the related theoretical research is also insufficient. This paper intends to select undergraduate students as the research object. This paper mainly includes six parts. The first part mainly introduces the background, questions, significance and research methods of this research. And the domestic and foreign research of related theories, including the domestic and foreign research of career anchor and the domestic and foreign research of career guidance theory. The second part mainly introduces the current situation of undergraduate career anchor analysis. The third part points out the problems found in the investigation and interview of undergraduates. The 4th part mainly analyzes the reasons that affect undergraduate students' career choice from four aspects, including social level, policy level, school level and individual level, carries on the detailed analysis; The 5th part is the countermeasures and suggestions on how to use the occupational anchor theory to help undergraduates choose a career, including how to use the vocational anchor to help undergraduates choose a career. Part 6th is a summary and prospect of this study. On the basis of questionnaires and interviews, the undergraduates of four universities in Wuhan and Guilin were selected as the research objects. 250 questionnaires were distributed and 211 questionnaires were effectively collected. In this paper, 30 undergraduates from four universities were interviewed. Based on the investigation data, the problems and causes of undergraduates' career selection were analyzed, and the role of career anchor on undergraduates' career selection was explored. The main conclusions were as follows: first, The career anchor theory provides a new theoretical guidance for undergraduates to choose a career. Second, the career anchor evaluation scale provides a reliable tool for undergraduates to choose a career, which is enough to help undergraduates determine their type of career anchor and help them to choose a career. Third, There are many problems of career anchor for undergraduates. Through the investigation of college students' career anchor, it is found that the undergraduates lack the understanding of occupational anchor theory and have no clear understanding of career choice, pay less attention to career planning, and need to improve the understanding of occupational anchor. 4th, The occupational anchor theory helps undergraduates to position themselves, promote their sense of employment, break the traditional concept of employment, and form a correct view of employment. 5th, we should help undergraduates to develop career anchors as early as possible and adjust appropriately in the process of learning practice in universities. Finally, the formation of a more accurate career anchor.
【学位授予单位】：广西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G647.38

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