基于创业动机视角的大学生创业扶持体系研究

发布时间：2018-03-03 07:22

本文选题：大学生　切入点：创业　出处：《武汉纺织大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：鼓励、支持大学生创业是推动国家经济发展、缓解就业难问题的有力举措,目前国家出台了不少政策扶持大学生进行创业。但是,与国外相比,由于我国在大学生创业领域内的研究起步较晚,出台的扶持政策不够系统、全面,且在实践过程中会出现操作性不强、落实不到位等情况,因此需要进一步健全相关工作体系。通过查阅文献、市场调查、分析对比等研究方法,结合对几所高校已经参与创业的大学生发放问卷调查的方式,从大学生创业动机影响因素、创业政策与环境等方面进行分析。经过数据分析,大学生创业动机在受到已创业朋友带动、家庭或朋友支持、项目或者资金、强烈的创业兴趣和欲望、改变现状的需要等因素影响的同时,创业政策与环境对其影响的程度也是十分大的。在对调查问卷综合分析的基础上,影响大学生创业动机、制约扶持体系发展的障碍主要包括创业环境的复杂性、创业政策体系不完善、政策落实不到位、政策运行机制与监督机制不健全等因素,导致这些问题存在的原因是多方面的,主要有创业环境不宽松、创业政策不配套、政策执行能力欠缺、监督机制不健全等。针对这些问题,基于大学生创业动机,提出了健全大学生创业扶持体系的对策:一是通过出台政策营造良好的创业氛围、完善大学生创业的政策资助体系、落实政策实施的工作保障、建立大学生创业退出后续保障机制来提升大学生创业动力;二是通过完善政策执行的组织架构、提升政策执行机构的执行力和工作效率、强化政策执行人员的责任意识和业务能力来为大学生创业提供支持;三是通过加强对政策落实的检查与监督、完善政策执行考核机制及问责制度来保障大学生创业权益。健全大学生创业扶持体系,有利于激发、引导大学生的创业动机,提升大学生创业成功率,使高校成为促进“大众创业、万众创新”的平台建设者,使当代大学生成为“大众创业、万众创新”的重要参与者,从而加快推动国家创新驱动的发展。
[Abstract]:Encouraging and supporting university students to start a business is a powerful measure to promote the national economic development and ease the difficult problem of employment. At present, the state has issued many policies to support university students to start a business. However, compared with foreign countries, Because of the late start of the research in the field of college students' entrepreneurship, the policy of support is not systematic and comprehensive, and in the process of practice, it will appear that the operation is not strong, the implementation is not in place, and so on. Therefore, it is necessary to further improve the relevant work system. Through consulting literature, market investigation, analysis and comparison and other research methods, combining with the way of issuing questionnaires to several college students who have already participated in entrepreneurship, This paper analyzes the influencing factors of college students' entrepreneurial motivation, entrepreneurial policies and environment. Through data analysis, college students' entrepreneurial motivation is driven by entrepreneurial friends, supported by family or friends, projects or funds. The strong interest and desire to start a business, the need to change the status quo, and so on, at the same time, the impact of entrepreneurship policy and environment on it is also very great. On the basis of comprehensive analysis of the questionnaire, it affects the entrepreneurial motivation of college students. The obstacles to the development of the support system include the complexity of the entrepreneurial environment, the imperfection of the entrepreneurial policy system, the inadequate implementation of the policy, the unsound mechanism of policy operation and supervision, etc. The reasons for these problems are various. The main problems are that the entrepreneurial environment is not loose, the entrepreneurship policy is not matched, the policy implementation ability is not enough, the supervision mechanism is not perfect, and so on. In view of these problems, based on college students' entrepreneurial motivation, The countermeasures to improve the entrepreneurship support system for college students are as follows: first, through the introduction of policies to create a good entrepreneurial atmosphere, to perfect the policy support system for college students to start their own businesses, and to implement the job security of the implementation of the policies. The second is to improve the executive power and work efficiency of the policy enforcement organization by perfecting the organizational structure of policy implementation. Strengthen the sense of responsibility and professional ability of policy enforcement personnel to provide support for university students to start a business; third, through strengthening the inspection and supervision of policy implementation, Perfecting the evaluation mechanism of policy execution and accountability system to protect the university students' entrepreneurial rights and interests, perfecting the supporting system of university students' entrepreneurship, is helpful to stimulate and guide college students' entrepreneurial motivation, and promote the success rate of college students' entrepreneurship. To make colleges and universities become the platform builders to promote "mass entrepreneurship, mass innovation" and to make contemporary college students become important participants in "mass entrepreneurship, mass innovation", thus speeding up the development of national innovation-driven development.
【学位授予单位】：武汉纺织大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G647.38;F279.2

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