美国研究型大学本科教学与科研持久失衡的组织学阐释

发布时间：2018-03-30 23:05

本文选题：美国研究型大学　切入点：本科教学与科研关系　出处：《复旦教育论坛》2017年03期

【摘要】：本科教学与科研的失衡是美国研究型大学一个持久的问题。对于这一顽疾,组织学至少有三种可能的解释:第一种观点认为这是美国研究型大学立式架构的组织缺陷,处于上层的研究生院必然会压制下层的本科生院;第二种观点认为大学是由学科和组织形成的矩阵结构,而研究型大学学科一维的拉力过强,组织无论怎么强调教学,都无法阻挡科研的冲击;第三种观点则是新制度主义的视角,强调美国研究型大学因寻求合法性,在社会观念、政府规制和同类院校的压力下,会制定一些平衡本科教学与科研关系的正式制度,但同时又采取一些非正式策略,虚化或悬置这些正式制度。
[Abstract]:The imbalance between undergraduate teaching and research is a persistent problem in American research universities.Histology has at least three possible explanations for this persistent disease: the first view is that this is the organizational defect of the vertical structure of American research universities, and that graduate schools at the upper level will inevitably suppress the undergrads;The second view is that the university is a matrix structure formed by the discipline and organization, but the one-dimensional pull of the research university is too strong, no matter how much the organization emphasizes the teaching, it can not stop the impact of scientific research.The third view is from the perspective of neo-institutionalism, emphasizing that American research universities, seeking legitimacy and under the pressure of social concepts, government regulations and similar institutions, will formulate some formal systems that balance the relationship between undergraduate teaching and scientific research.But at the same time, it also adopts some informal tactics to formalize or suspend these formal systems.
【作者单位】：河南大学教育科学学院;
【基金】：国家社会科学基金教育学青年课题“大学科教融合的制度设计与实践策略研究”(CIA130169)
【分类号】：G649.712

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