应用型本科高校毕业设计的创新研究

发布时间：2018-04-29 15:47

本文选题：毕业设计 + 实践能力　；参考：《安徽大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着高等教育大众化、多样化的发展,在社会对人才需求多样化的大背景下,政府不断引导有条件的地方普通本科高校向应用型转变,推动高等教育向多样化发展。地方高校向应用型转型是一个系统的改革,作为教学重要环节的毕业设计也面临着向应用型转型的挑战。毕业设计根据创作形式和内容可以分为设计类和论文类,设计类强调解决问题,论文类主要是对专业领域内的知识进行归纳、总结、分析,进行基础理论研究。创新应用型本科院校毕业设计,应强调毕业论文的设计性,让学生在实际中主动发现问题,解决问题,将所学专业理论知识应用于实践,在实践中锻炼学生解决问题能力、应用能力和创新能力,从而达到应用型人才培养目标。应用型本科高校毕业设计的问题主要表现在:一是毕业设计形式单一,主要以毕业论文为主,与应用型院校办学定位和专业培养目标不相符;二是毕业设计缺少应用价值和实践性,与生产实际联系不紧密,;三是毕业设计指导团队结构单一,缺乏企业高级工程师和技术人才的参与;四是毕业设计时间安排不合理,时间过于集中,易与学生其他活动造成冲突;五是毕业设计质量监管机制不完善,评价标准单一化,质量监控制度不健全,忽视过程评价,不利于专业化、多样化人才培养。应用型本科高校毕业设计应遵循的原则有以下几点:一是要遵循与培养目标相一致的原则,二是要遵循多样化的原则,三是要遵循实践性原则,四是要遵循灵活安排的原则。应用型本科高校毕业设计创新的具体内容有以下几点:一是创新毕业设计形式。毕业设计可以和专业特点相结合,专业技能形式、毕业论文形式、项目成果形式和方案规划形式等,对于不同专业选择不同形式。二是毕业设计与生产实际相结合,增强毕业设计的实践性,展现学生能力水平。毕业设计选题要与企业生产实际紧密联系,毕业设计创作要做到真题真做,有稳定的实习基地作保障。三是创新毕业设计教师指导队伍,优化指导教师组成结构,多方共同参与指导毕业设计。四是毕业设计时间安排更加合理化,灵活设置毕业设计环节,保障学生完成毕业设计的时间。五是健全毕业设计质量管理机制,提高毕业设计质量。
[Abstract]:With the popularization of higher education and the development of diversification, under the background of the diversification of the social demand for talents, the government constantly guides the qualified local colleges and universities to change to the applied type and promote the higher education to diversified development. The transformation of local universities to application-oriented is a systematic reform. As an important link in teaching, graduation design is also facing the challenge of application-oriented transformation. Graduation design can be divided into design category and thesis type according to the form and content of creation. The design class emphasizes solving problems. The thesis category is mainly to sum up, summarize, analyze and carry on the basic theory research to the specialized domain knowledge. The graduation design of innovative applied undergraduate colleges should emphasize the design of graduation thesis, let students find problems and solve problems actively in practice, apply the theoretical knowledge of specialty to practice, and exercise students' ability to solve problems in practice. The application ability and the innovation ability, thus achieves the applied type talented person training goal. The main problems of the graduation design of applied undergraduate universities are as follows: first, the graduation design is a single form, mainly based on graduation papers, which is inconsistent with the orientation of running a school and the goal of specialty training in applied colleges and universities; The second is the lack of applied value and practicality in graduation design, which is not closely related to the actual production; the third is the single structure of the graduation design guidance team and the lack of the participation of senior engineers and technical personnel in enterprises; the fourth is the unreasonable timing of graduation design. The quality supervision mechanism of graduation design is not perfect, the evaluation standard is single, the quality monitoring system is not perfect, and the process evaluation is not perfect, which is not conducive to professional and diversified talent training. The principles of graduation design of applied undergraduate colleges and universities are as follows: one is to follow the principle consistent with the training goal, the other is to follow the principle of diversification, the third is to follow the principle of practice, and the fourth is to follow the principle of flexible arrangement. The specific contents of graduation design innovation in applied undergraduate colleges and universities are as follows: one is to innovate graduation design form. Graduation design can be combined with professional characteristics, professional skill form, graduation thesis form, project result form and program planning form, and different forms are chosen for different majors. Second, combine graduation design with production practice, enhance the practicality of graduation design and show students' ability level. The selection of graduation design should be closely related to the actual production of the enterprise, and the creation of graduation design should be genuine and guaranteed by a stable practice base. The third is to innovate the teaching staff of graduation design, optimize the composition of teachers, and participate in the design of graduation. Fourth, the graduation project time arrangement is more reasonable, the flexible setting graduation design link, guarantees the student to complete the graduation project time. Fifth, improve the quality management mechanism of graduation design, improve the quality of graduation design.
【学位授予单位】：安徽大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G642.477

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