大学生社会技能、社会支持、心理健康关系研究
发布时间：2019-06-21 14:49
【摘要】： 社会技能(social skills)也被称为社会交往技能,可以被定义为“能够促进良好人际关系形成的有用的技能”,是可以通过学习获得的一种在一定的社会环境中与他人进行相互交往的活动方式。对于大学生这一特殊群体而言,社会技能有着特别重要的意义。目前国内对这一领域的相关研究较少,尤其是在中国独特的文化背景中对其进行深入的分析有着重要的理论意义和现实意义。 本研究采用问卷测量法,以毛新华编制的大学生社会技能的量表(ChUSSI)、肖水源编制的《社会支持评定量表》(SSRS)、症状自评量表(SCL-90)三个量表为研究工具,以西北大学大一至大四318名大学生为被试,旨在研究大学生社会技能、社会支持发展特点、影响因素及其与心理健康的关系。结果表明: (1)在社会技能方面,就大学生整体而言,其社会技能的发展不存在显著的年级差异(P=0.215)。但有一个逐步增长的过程:大一学生水平最低,大四最高,大二、大三有一个的增长过程。这说明大学生的社会技能水平在一定程度上会随着年龄的增长而逐步提高;大学生社会技能在性别和专业上有显著差异,是否为独生子女、生源地两个因素方面不存在显著差异。具体而言,在社会技能的整体水平上具有显著的性别差异(P=0.015),女生低于男生;社交性、关系主义上有显著的性别差异(P分别为0.043、0.000),均为男生高于女生;对方面子、社交性上具有显著的专业差异(P分别为0.025、0.033),均为文科高于理科。 (2)在社会支持方面,就大学生整体而言,不同年级的大学生社会支持的水平差异不显著(P=0.889),大学生在对社会支持的利用程度上差异不显著(P=0.554)。具体而言,存在显著性差异的主要是在客观支持、主观支持和总分上。客观支持方面,女生显著高于男生(P=0.000),独生子女显著高于非独生子女(P=0.022);主观支持方面,女生显著高于男生(P=0.031),独生子女显著高于非独上子女(P=0.000),来自城市的大学生显著高于来自农村的大学生(P=0.002);从总分来看,不存在男女性别差异,但独生子女显著高于非独生子女(P=0.025),城市大学生显著高于农村大学生(P=0.028)。 (3)在社会技能、社会支持与心理健康的相关关系方面,大学生社会技能和社会支持呈显著正相关(r=0.288,P=0.000),社会技能、社会支持和心理健康呈显著的负相关(r=-0.298,P=0.000;r=-0.253,P=0.000);大学生社会技能和社会支持构成的回归方程具有显著性意义(F=21.349,P＜0.001),对心理健康有显著的预测作用,可以联合解释其心理症状11.9%。 (4)大学生社会技能对心理健康的影响不是直接的,而是通过社会支持这一中介变量产生作用。
[Abstract]:Social skills (social skills), also known as social communication skills, can be defined as "useful skills that can promote the formation of good interpersonal relationships". It is a kind of activity that can be obtained by learning to interact with others in a certain social environment. For the special group of college students, social skills are of great significance. At present, there are few related research in this field in China, especially in the unique cultural background of China, it is of great theoretical and practical significance to carry out in-depth analysis of it. The purpose of this study was to study the social skills, social support development characteristics, influencing factors and their relationship with mental health by using the three scales of Social support rating scale (ChUSSI),) (SSRS), symptom Checklist (SCL-90) compiled by Mao Xinhua as the research tools and using 318 freshmen from freshman to senior students of Northwestern University as subjects. The purpose of this study was to study the characteristics of social skills, social support development, influencing factors and their relationship with mental health. The results show that: (1) in terms of social skills, there is no significant grade difference in the development of social skills of college students as a whole (P 鈮，
本文编号：2504157
[Abstract]:Social skills (social skills), also known as social communication skills, can be defined as "useful skills that can promote the formation of good interpersonal relationships". It is a kind of activity that can be obtained by learning to interact with others in a certain social environment. For the special group of college students, social skills are of great significance. At present, there are few related research in this field in China, especially in the unique cultural background of China, it is of great theoretical and practical significance to carry out in-depth analysis of it. The purpose of this study was to study the social skills, social support development characteristics, influencing factors and their relationship with mental health by using the three scales of Social support rating scale (ChUSSI),) (SSRS), symptom Checklist (SCL-90) compiled by Mao Xinhua as the research tools and using 318 freshmen from freshman to senior students of Northwestern University as subjects. The purpose of this study was to study the characteristics of social skills, social support development, influencing factors and their relationship with mental health. The results show that: (1) in terms of social skills, there is no significant grade difference in the development of social skills of college students as a whole (P 鈮，
本文编号：2504157
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