受心理虐待者的执行功能研究

发布时间：2018-03-22 18:37

本文选题：心理虐待　切入点：执行功能　出处：《哈尔滨师范大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：目的：个体在儿童期所遭受到心理虐待会对个体的身心发展造成许多伤害，但对个体的执行功能损伤的研究却少而又少。本研究旨在探讨儿童期受心理虐待者的执行功能特点。方法：（1）采用整群抽样方法选取哈尔滨师范大学327名本科生，施测儿童心理虐待量表。（2）依据儿童心理虐待量表的阳性检出标准及阴性检出标准，筛选出心理虐待组被试20人，非心理虐待组被试21人，进入正式实验。（3）实验一：进行停止信号任务，采用2（组别）×2（任务类型）混合实验设计，以考察儿童期受心理虐待的大学生在抑制功能上的特点。（4）实验二：采用N-back任务范式，以反应时为因变量，，进行2（组别）×3（任务类型）混合实验设计；以考察儿童期受心理虐待的大学生在记忆刷新能力上的特点。（5）实验三：进行任务转换实验，以考察儿童期受心理虐待的大学生在执行功能灵活性上的特点。结果：（1）实验一中以反应时为因变量，进行方差分析结果显示，组别主效应（F=7.325，P=0.010）显著，任务主效应（F=16.289，P0.001）极其显著，任务类型和组别的交互作用（F=5.437，P=0.025）显著;以被试的反应时标准差为因变量进行方差分析的结果显示，组别主效应（P=6.741，F=0.013）显著，任务主效应（P=9.062，F=0.005）存在非常显著差异，任务和组别的交互作用（F=0.257，P=0.615）不显著。（2）实验二中，以反应时为因变量，使用两因素混合实验设计方差分析结果显示，组别主效应（F=9.177，P=0.005）显著，任务主效应（F=0.028,P=0.868），任务类型和组别的交互作用（F=3.426，P=0.073）不显著。（3）实验三中，以反应时为因变量进行方差分析，结果显示，组别主效应（F=5.574，P=0.024）任务主效应（F=4.161，P=0.049）与任务类型和组别的交互作用（F=4.137，P=0.050）均显著。结论：儿童期心理虐待经历使个体在抑制能力、工作记忆刷新能力、任务转换能力上均出现不同程度的损伤。总体来说，受虐者在进行简单的认知任务中，与非受虐者并未表现出差异，但随着认知负荷的加大，受虐者较对照组开始出现差异，表现为反应时较长，日后需要对有受心理虐待经历的个体多多的加以关注，帮助个体建立自信心。
[Abstract]:Objective: the psychological abuse suffered by an individual in childhood can cause many injuries to the physical and mental development of the individual. The purpose of this study was to explore the characteristics of executive function of children who suffered psychological abuse. Methods: a cluster sampling method was used to select 327 undergraduates from Harbin normal University. According to the positive and negative criteria of child psychological abuse scale, 20 subjects of psychological abuse group and 21 subjects of non-psychological abuse group were selected. Enter the formal experiment .Y3) experiment 1: stop signal task, 2 (group) 脳 2 (task type) mixed experiment design, to investigate the characteristics of psychological abuse in childhood college students on the inhibitory function. Experiment 2: using the N-back task paradigm, Taking the response time as dependent variable, the mixed experiment design of 2 (group) 脳 3 (task type) was carried out, and the characteristics of memory refresh ability of college students who suffered psychological abuse in childhood were investigated. Experiment 3: task conversion experiment, Results in the first experiment, using response time as a dependent variable, the variance analysis showed that the main effect of the group was 7.325%, and the task-main effect was significantly higher than that of the control group (P < 0.05), and the task-main effect was extremely significant (P 0.001), and the main effect of the group was significantly higher than that of the control group (P < 0.05), and the main effect of the group was significantly higher than that of the control group (P < 0.05). The results of variance analysis based on the standard deviation of response time of the subjects showed that the main effect of group was 6.741 / F 0.013), and the main effect of task was significantly different from that of task main effect (P _ (9.062) / F _ (0.005)), while the interaction between task type and group was significant (P _ (5.437) / F _ (0.025)), and the results of ANOVA showed that the main effect of group was 6.741 / F _ (0.013). The interaction between task and group was not significant. In experiment 2, reaction time was taken as dependent variable. The results of ANOVA using two factors mixed experiment showed that the main effect of group was F9.177 / P0. 005). The results showed that the interaction between task types and groups was not significant in experiment 3, and the response time was used as dependent variable in the analysis of variance. Group main effect (F5. 574 / P0. 024) the interaction between task-based main effect and task type and group P0. 049 (P < 0. 050). Conclusion: mental abuse in childhood makes individuals have the ability to restrain and refresh their working memory. In general, there was no difference between the masochist and the non-masochist in the simple cognitive task, but with the increase of cognitive burden, the masochist began to show difference compared with the control group. The reaction time is longer, and it needs to pay more attention to the individuals who have experienced psychological abuse in the future, to help individuals build self-confidence.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：B844.1

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