韩中私教育比较研究

发布时间：2018-04-09 00:03

本文选题：韩国私教育　切入点：中国私教育　出处：《上海外国语大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：教育是一个国家国民素质养成的过程，也是这个国家的建设社会的手段，因此教育是一个国家的治国之本。中国和韩国的国民都特别热衷于教育，不分伯仲。当这种热衷过于突出时，学校教育就再也无法满足国民的这种教育欲求，因此就出现了新兴的教育形态——私教育（中国叫课外补习）。私教育就是与国家及地方设立和运营的学校教育或者公共教育相对立的一种教育形式，特指除国家管理的教育机关，如幼儿、小、中学教育机关之外的教育形式。即，国家法定管理的教育机关之外的教育形式。最近，在韩国私教育问题已成为了一个社会热议的话题，在中国也出现了类似的现象。所以本文旨在通过对中韩两国私教育方面的比较分析，寻找可以促使中国私教育健全发展的良方。为此，本文首先考察了私教育的定义，影响两国私教育需求的原因，以及中韩两国对于私教育的先行研究。之后，对中韩两国的私教育状况进行了比较，找出了共同点和不同点，希望从韩国的私教育现状当中对中国的私教育改善获得启发。具体来讲，在第二章当中笔者着重考察了私教育的概念，影响两国私教育需求的因素，以及中韩两国对于私教育的先行研究。私教育是相对于公共教育而言的，在国家管理的教育机关以外开展的教育形式。影响其需求的因素主要分为学校因素，社会因素，以及学生父母因素和生源因素等。从各种先行研究的资料来看，为了比较两国私教育的特征，本文主要比较分析了两国私教育的形式和参与度、时间和科目、费用以及政策。第三章当中，为了找出中韩两国私教育的共同点和不同点，着重分析了私教育的六个方面。首先，从私教育机关来看，韩国的私教育机关规模大且非常多，，但比较之下中国的私教育机关规模相对较小；从参与度上来看，韩国的参与度很高而中国私教育的参与度相对较低。其次，从时间和科目上来看，两国出现较突出的不同之处。韩国学生接受私教育的时间普遍比较长，科目主要是国语，英语和数学，而中国学生教授私教育的时间相对较短，且科目以英语和数学为主，没有语文；从私教育费用方面来看，中韩两国学生父母都在私教育上面花费不少，但从家庭整体的收入比重上来看，中国的费用支出比韩国反而更多。从两国私教育政策方面来看，韩国对于私教育曾在多个阶段进行了多种政策的试行，但与此相比，中国政府对于私教育问题至今还未出任何的政策。笔者认为，现在中国的私教育现象愈发迅速扩张，是时候需要从政府层面进行适当管理了。通过分析中韩两国的私教育现状，也发现了非常多两者的共同点。但从韩国的私教育发展情况来看，中国现今的私教育可以说还处于初级阶段。中国的私教育内容与韩国的内容非常相似，都是与入学考试紧密相关，但从私教育机关的企业化及规模化情况来看，相比韩国还非常的落后。但预计在不久的将来，中国的私教育也会发展成非常专业化，规模化的教育形式。因此，站在中国政府的角度上来讲，急需加深对于私教育现象的理解和管理，强化公共教育，从根本上解决经济不均衡问题，从而引导中国的私教育发展走上健全发展，规模化发展的道路。
[Abstract]:Education is a process of the formation of a nation ' s national quality , and it is a means of building society in this country , so education is a country ' s governing country . People in China and South Korea are particularly keen on education and do not divide . When this kind of enthusiasm is too prominent , school education can no longer meet the demand of the nation ' s education , so there is emerging education form _ private education ( China is called extra - class remedial learning ) .

Private education is a kind of educational form that is opposite to the school education or public education established and operated by the state and the place , especially the educational institutions other than the state administration , such as children , small and middle school education institutions , that is , the educational form outside the educational institutions of the national legal administration .

Recently , the problem of private education in South Korea has become a topic of social thermal discussion , and similar phenomena have occurred in China . Therefore , this paper aims to find a good way to promote the healthy development of private education in China through comparative analysis of the private education between China and South Korea .

In the second chapter , the author focuses on the concept of private education , the factors influencing the demand of private education in the two countries , and the research on the pre - study of private education in China and South Korea . The factors that influence the demand are mainly divided into school factors , social factors , student ' s parents ' factors and source factors . In order to compare the characteristics of the two countries ' private education , this paper mainly compares the form and participation , time and subject , cost and policy of the two countries ' private education .

In the third chapter , in order to find the common point and difference between the two countries ' private education in China and Korea , the six aspects of private education are emphatically analyzed . First , from the private education authorities , the private educational institutions in South Korea are large and very large , but the scale of private education institutions in China is relatively small .
In terms of participation , South Korea ' s participation is high and the participation of private education in China is relatively low . Secondly , in terms of time and subject , the two countries have more prominent differences . Korean students are generally longer in private education , mainly in Mandarin , English and mathematics , while Chinese students teach private education relatively short , and subjects are dominated by English and mathematics , and no language ;
From the perspective of private education , both parents of China and South Korea have spent quite a lot of private education , but in terms of the overall income of the family , China ' s expense expenditure is more than that of South Korea . From the perspective of private education policy in the two countries , the Chinese government has not yet done any policy on private education . The author believes that the phenomenon of private education in China has become more and more rapidly expanding , and it is time to carry out proper management from the government level .

Through analyzing the current situation of private education in China and South Korea , it has also found a lot of common ground . But from the development of private education in Korea , China ' s current private education can be said to be still in the primary stage . However , in the near future , China ' s private education will be developed into a very professional and large - scale educational form . Therefore , in the future , China ' s private education will be developed into a very professional and large - scale educational form . Therefore , in the perspective of the Chinese government , it is urgent to deepen the understanding and management of the phenomenon of private education , strengthen public education , and fundamentally solve the problems of economic imbalance , thus leading the development of private education in China to a sound development and a road of large - scale development .

【学位授予单位】：上海外国语大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：G511;G40-059.3

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