美国总统里根执政时期的教育政策研究

发布时间：2018-05-15 02:19

本文选题：美国总统 + 里根　；参考：《福建师范大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：20世纪70到80年代,罗纳德·里根在美国政坛上的活跃意味着保守主义的政治思想在美国的复兴,里根在任加州州长和美国总统期间都提出过一些具有保守主义色彩的教育政策或提议。自里根就任美国总统以来,更是针对联邦教育管理和行政机构冗杂、运行效率低下,美国公立学校教育质量持续下降等弊病,以教育行政权力的下放和教育行政权力的去中心化为核心思想进行了教育改革。其改革内容包括大幅压缩简化联邦、州一级的教育行政机构,精简人员；改革教育拨款模式,减少教育经费预算；积极推行教育券政策；采取一系列措施提高美国中小学教育质量等。里根总统执政期间的教育改革取得了较为明显的成效,对美国日后的教育改革产生了深远的影响。本文将以20世纪70到80年代里根担任州长和总统时期的教育政策为研究对象,深入讨论这些教育政策的产生背景,具体内容,实施效果,以及对我国的启示,以回答关于教育政策“为什么”“怎么办”“怎么样”“有何用”等问题。本文在关注教育政策形成的社会政治经济等因素的同时,还将研究美国政治舞台中拥有最高权力的人物,集国家元首、政府首脑和武装力量总司令三大职务于一身,享有广泛的立法倡议权、立法否决权的美国总统其本人的特质与魅力对美国当时的教育政策产生的积极影响。
[Abstract]:From 70 to 80s twentieth Century, Ronald Regan's active political affairs in the United States meant the revival of conservative political ideas in the United States. During his appointment as governor of California and the president of the United States, Reagan had put forward some conservative educational policies or proposals. Since Reagan took office as president of the United States, it was aimed at the administration of federal education. With the miscellaneous administrative institutions, the inefficient operation and the continuous decline in the quality of the education of the public schools in the United States, the educational reform was carried out with the decentralization of the administrative power and the centralization of the administrative power of education. The reform includes a large reduction in the simplification of the federal, state level education administrative institutions, the streamlining of the personnel, and the reform of education. The educational appropriation model, reducing the budget of education funds, actively carrying out the education voucher policy, and taking a series of measures to improve the quality of the education in the primary and secondary schools in the United States. The educational reform during President Reagan's administration has achieved remarkable results and has a far-reaching impact on the education reform in the United States in the future. This paper will be from 70 to 80s of twentieth Century. The educational policy of the governor and the presidency is the research object, and the background of the education policy, the specific content, the effect and the enlightenment to our country are discussed in order to answer the questions about "why" "how" "how" "how" "how" and "what is the use" of education policy. This article is concerned with the social politics formed by the education policy. At the same time, it will also study the people with the highest power in the political stage of the United States, which have three major duties as head of state, head of government and commander in chief of the armed forces, and enjoy a wide range of legislative initiatives. The president of the United States, who has the power of legislative veto, has a positive influence on the education policy of the United States at that time.

【学位授予单位】：福建师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：G571.2

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