河北省农村学区制管理的问题与对策研究
发布时间：2018-07-16 21:46
【摘要】：农村学区管理体制即打破乡镇各学校间的行政区划,重新整合学校划分学区,以最大限度的实现教育资源共享、优秀人才交流,使各学校优质均衡发展。河北省农村学区管理体制是在义务教育非均衡发展、农村生源减少、“分级办学、以县为主”管理面临困境的背景下提出的。在统筹城乡教育一体化、追求教育公平的当代社会,优质教育资源的均衡化问题凸显。随着我国人口出生率的降低,我国义务教育适龄儿童的人数也在减少,农村地区出现资源配备过程与学生人数不足的问题,在这种情况下“以县为主”的管理方式也面临难以监管到位的困境,农村学区管理体制应运而生。农村学区管理体制是农村义务教育发展的有益探索,在实现资源共享、提高农村义务教育质量方面有重要意义。在采用实地调查法对河北省保定市白团学区进行了调研后,得出了很多重要的结论。作为一种新兴事物,学区管理体制在诸多方面还有所不足:教职工对学区缺乏认识导致相关工作难以展开、学区与各学校的权责利关系还未理顺、教学教研工作经费欠缺、教研活动形式化、人事与资源管理政策不到位、监督和评价机制有待完善等。呈现问题的原因是多方面的如:观念意识的转变需要时间、教育行政管理体制的僵化、我国农村义务教育财政体系方面的不足、农村中小学教育科研工作基础薄弱、缺乏相关规章制度、利益主体的矛盾阻碍教师正常流动以及“管办评”一体的模式使评价监督形同虚设等等。问题的解决需要从不同方面着手,第一,明确政府与学区、学校间的权责关系;第二,加大财政投入,同时做好资金的分配监管工作;第三,增强学区的管理效能,加强教师的归属感;第四,健全学区教研组织,重视网络的作用;第五,完善人事管理制度,促进优秀教师流动,等等。农村学区管理体制具有强大的生命力,在多地取得了成功的经验,完善学区制对促进义务教育均衡发展的意义重大。
[Abstract]:The management system of rural school district is to break the administrative division among the schools in the villages and towns, to reintegrate the schools into the school districts, to realize the sharing of educational resources to the maximum extent, to exchange outstanding talents, and to make the high quality and balanced development of the schools. The management system of rural school district in Hebei Province is put forward under the background of the unbalanced development of compulsory education, the decrease of rural student resources, the management of "running a school at different levels and giving priority to county" management. In the contemporary society where the integration of urban and rural education and the pursuit of educational fairness are pursued, the equalization of quality educational resources is highlighted. With the decline of the birth rate in China, the number of children of compulsory school age is also decreasing in our country. In rural areas, the process of resource allocation and the number of students are insufficient. In this case, the "county-based" management is also faced with difficulties in supervision, rural school district management system came into being. The management system of rural school district is a beneficial exploration for the development of rural compulsory education, which is of great significance in realizing the sharing of resources and improving the quality of rural compulsory education. A lot of important conclusions have been drawn from the investigation of Baotuan School District of Baoding City, Hebei Province by field investigation. As a new thing, the school district management system has some shortcomings in many aspects: the lack of understanding of the school district leads to the difficulty of developing the related work, the relationship between the power, responsibility and interests of the school district and the schools is not straightened out, and the teaching and research work is short of funds. Formal teaching and research activities, personnel and resource management policies are not in place, monitoring and evaluation mechanisms need to be improved. The causes of the problems are as follows: the change of concept and consciousness takes time, the system of education administration is rigid, the financial system of rural compulsory education is insufficient, and the foundation of education and scientific research in rural primary and secondary schools is weak. In the absence of relevant rules and regulations, the contradiction of the main body of interest hinders the normal flow of teachers, and the mode of "management and evaluation" makes the evaluation and supervision virtual and so on. To solve the problem, we need to start from different aspects. First, we should make clear the relationship between power and responsibility between the government, school districts and schools; second, increase financial investment, and at the same time do a good job in the allocation and supervision of funds; third, enhance the efficiency of school district management. Strengthen teachers' sense of belonging; fourth, perfect the school district teaching and research organizations, attach importance to the role of the network; fifthly, improve the personnel management system, promote the flow of outstanding teachers, and so on. The management system of rural school district has strong vitality and has gained successful experience in many places. It is of great significance to improve the school district system to promote the balanced development of compulsory education.
【学位授予单位】：河北大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G527
本文编号：2127764
[Abstract]:The management system of rural school district is to break the administrative division among the schools in the villages and towns, to reintegrate the schools into the school districts, to realize the sharing of educational resources to the maximum extent, to exchange outstanding talents, and to make the high quality and balanced development of the schools. The management system of rural school district in Hebei Province is put forward under the background of the unbalanced development of compulsory education, the decrease of rural student resources, the management of "running a school at different levels and giving priority to county" management. In the contemporary society where the integration of urban and rural education and the pursuit of educational fairness are pursued, the equalization of quality educational resources is highlighted. With the decline of the birth rate in China, the number of children of compulsory school age is also decreasing in our country. In rural areas, the process of resource allocation and the number of students are insufficient. In this case, the "county-based" management is also faced with difficulties in supervision, rural school district management system came into being. The management system of rural school district is a beneficial exploration for the development of rural compulsory education, which is of great significance in realizing the sharing of resources and improving the quality of rural compulsory education. A lot of important conclusions have been drawn from the investigation of Baotuan School District of Baoding City, Hebei Province by field investigation. As a new thing, the school district management system has some shortcomings in many aspects: the lack of understanding of the school district leads to the difficulty of developing the related work, the relationship between the power, responsibility and interests of the school district and the schools is not straightened out, and the teaching and research work is short of funds. Formal teaching and research activities, personnel and resource management policies are not in place, monitoring and evaluation mechanisms need to be improved. The causes of the problems are as follows: the change of concept and consciousness takes time, the system of education administration is rigid, the financial system of rural compulsory education is insufficient, and the foundation of education and scientific research in rural primary and secondary schools is weak. In the absence of relevant rules and regulations, the contradiction of the main body of interest hinders the normal flow of teachers, and the mode of "management and evaluation" makes the evaluation and supervision virtual and so on. To solve the problem, we need to start from different aspects. First, we should make clear the relationship between power and responsibility between the government, school districts and schools; second, increase financial investment, and at the same time do a good job in the allocation and supervision of funds; third, enhance the efficiency of school district management. Strengthen teachers' sense of belonging; fourth, perfect the school district teaching and research organizations, attach importance to the role of the network; fifthly, improve the personnel management system, promote the flow of outstanding teachers, and so on. The management system of rural school district has strong vitality and has gained successful experience in many places. It is of great significance to improve the school district system to promote the balanced development of compulsory education.
【学位授予单位】：河北大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G527
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