亲子依恋与情绪调节对流动与城市儿童友谊质量发展影响的纵向研究
发布时间：2018-11-01 18:45
【摘要】：本文以布朗芬布伦纳的人类发展生物生态学模型为理论基础,采用纵向研究设计,调查了南京和上海两地流动和城市儿童的亲子依恋、情绪调节和友谊质量,探讨(1)儿童友谊质量的发展轨迹/特点及群体差异;(2)亲子依恋和情绪调节对流动与城市儿童友谊质量的影响及该影响在两个儿童群体中的异同;(3)情绪调节在亲子依恋和儿童友谊质量关系间的中介作用,及该中介作用在流动与城市儿童群体间的异同。本文包括研究一和研究二两部分。研究一以上海(N=295)和南京(N=564)两城市的初中生为研究对象,其中,流动和城市儿童各383和431名。研究一对测量工具进行信效度检验及变量间关系的初步分析。研究二则采用研究一修订之后的测量工具,以上海(N=193)和南京(N=591)两城市的初一学生为追踪研究对象,其中,流动和城市儿童各347和423名。研究二考察儿童友谊质量的发展特点及其存在的群体差异,亲子依恋和情绪调节对流动和城市儿童友谊质量的预测及其异同,检验情绪调节在亲子依恋对儿童友谊质量预测关系间的中介作用以及该作用在两个群体中的差异。研究一结果表明,亲子依恋和情绪调节问卷信效度良好,友谊质量问卷经修订之后,信效度也符合测量学标准。亲子依恋和情绪调节与友谊质量均存在相关,但这种相关关系在流动和城市儿童间存在异同。譬如,在流动和城市儿童中,积极友谊质量与安全型依恋均成正相关;但积极友谊质量与流动儿童的回避型依恋相关不显著,却与城市儿童对母亲的回避型依恋成显著负相关。研究二结果发现,(1)在友谊质量发展趋势上,儿童的积极友谊质量呈下降趋势,消极友谊质量呈上升趋势,且该发展特点在流动和城市儿童群体之间存在显著差异。具体而言,在最后一次测试上,流动儿童的积极友谊质量发展水平高于城市儿童,消极友谊质量发展水平低于城市儿童;在儿童友谊质量的发展速率上,流动儿童的积极友谊质量下降速度比城市儿童慢。(2)亲子依恋和情绪调节对友谊质量发展的影响在流动和城市儿童中既有相似也有差异。相似之处在于,安全型依恋均可促进流动和城市儿童积极友谊质量的发展,认知重评均能促进流动和城市儿童积极友谊质量的发展。差异之处在于,在流动儿童中,对父亲的回避型和对母亲的焦虑型依恋均会加剧其消极友谊质量的发展,认知重评还能抑制其消极友谊质量的发展,表达抑制则加剧其消极友谊质量的发展;而在城市儿童中,对母亲的回避型依恋则会加剧其消极友谊质量的发展。(3)情绪调节在亲子依恋与儿童友谊质量关系间存在中介作用,且该作用在流动和城市儿童中既有相似也有差异。相似之处表现在:①在两个群体中,认知重评在对母亲的回避型依恋和友谊质量间发挥中介作用;②情绪调节在安全型依恋、焦虑型依恋和友谊质量间均不存在中介作用。差异之处表现在:①在流动儿童中,对父亲的回避型依恋可通过弱化认知重评进而降低其积极友谊质量,并增强其消极友谊质量;在城市儿童中,情绪调节在对父亲的回避型依恋和友谊质量中不存在中介作用;②在流动儿童中,对母亲的回避型依恋能通过弱化认知重评从而增强其消极友谊质量;而在城市儿童中,对母亲的回避型依恋能通过弱化认知重评从而降低其积极友谊质量。最后,本文对上述研究结果进行了讨论及总结,并总结了本研究的贡献、不足及对教育的启示。
[Abstract]:In this paper, based on the theory of human development bio-ecology of Brown FinBruner, this paper adopts the longitudinal research design to investigate the parent-child attachment, emotional adjustment and friendship quality of the mobile and urban children in Nanjing and Shanghai. (1) The development track/ characteristic and group difference of children's friendship quality; (2) the influence of parent-child attachment and emotion regulation on the quality of friendship between mobile and urban children and the similarities and differences between the two groups of children; (3) emotional regulation plays an important role in the relationship between parent-child attachment and child friendship quality, and the similarities and differences between flow and urban children. This paper includes the research and research of two parts. Among them, there were 383 and 431 children in Shanghai (N = 295) and Nanjing (N = 564). In this paper, a pair of measuring tools are studied to carry out the preliminary analysis of the reliability test and the inter-variable relationship. Two cities of Shanghai (N = 193) and Nanjing (N = 591) were used to study the subjects, including 347 and 423 children. The characteristics of children's friendship and their differences in population, parent-child attachment and mood adjustment are studied in this paper. To examine the mediating role of emotion regulation in the relationship between parent-child attachment and child's friendship quality, and the difference between the two groups. The results showed that the letter efficiency of parent-child attachment and emotion adjustment questionnaire was good, and after the revision of the questionnaire, the degree of validity of the questionnaire was also in accordance with the measurement standard. There is a correlation between parent-adolescent attachment and emotional adjustment and the quality of friendship, but there are similarities and differences between flow and urban children. For example, in mobile and urban children, the quality of positive friendship is positively related to the attachment of safe attachment; however, the quality of positive friendship is not related to the avoidance attachment of mobile children, but it is negatively correlated with the circumvention attachment of urban children to mother. The results show that (1) In the development trend of friendship quality, the positive friendship quality of children is declining, the quality of negative friendship is on the rise, and there is a significant difference between the flow and the urban children's groups. Specifically, in the last test, the positive friendship quality of mobile children is higher than that of urban children, and the level of negative friendship quality is lower than that of urban children; in the development rate of the quality of friendship among children, the positive friendship quality of mobile children is slower than that of urban children. (2) The influence of parent-child attachment and emotional regulation on the development of friendship quality has both similarities and differences in mobile and urban children. The similarity is that the security attachment can promote the development of the positive friendship quality of the mobile and urban children, and the cognitive re-evaluation can promote the development of the positive friendship quality of the mobile and urban children. The difference is that in the flowing children, the avoidance of the father and the anxiety type attachment to the mother will increase the development of the negative friendship quality, the cognitive re-evaluation can also inhibit the development of the negative friendship quality, and the expression inhibition will increase the development of the negative friendship quality; In urban children, the avoidance type attachment to mother will increase the development of its negative friendship quality. (3) Emotional adjustment has an intermediary role in the relationship between parent-child attachment and child's friendship quality, and it has similarities and differences between flowing and urban children. In both groups, cognitive reassessment plays an intermediary role in the avoidance-type attachment and the quality of friendship between the two groups, and there is no brokering role in the security attachment, anxiety-type attachment and friendship quality. The difference is manifested in that in the flowing children, the avoidance type attachment to the father can reduce the quality of its positive friendship by weakening the cognitive re-evaluation, and enhance the quality of its negative friendship; in the urban children, Emotional adjustment does not play an intermediary role in the avoidance-type attachment and friendship quality of the father; in the mobile children, the avoidance-type attachment to the mother can enhance its passive friendship quality by weakening the cognitive re-evaluation; and in urban children, The avoidance type attachment to mother can reduce the positive friendship quality by weakening the cognitive re-evaluation. Finally, the research results are discussed and summarized, and the contribution, deficiency and enlightenment to education are summarized.
【学位授予单位】：南京师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：B844.1
本文编号：2304774
[Abstract]:In this paper, based on the theory of human development bio-ecology of Brown FinBruner, this paper adopts the longitudinal research design to investigate the parent-child attachment, emotional adjustment and friendship quality of the mobile and urban children in Nanjing and Shanghai. (1) The development track/ characteristic and group difference of children's friendship quality; (2) the influence of parent-child attachment and emotion regulation on the quality of friendship between mobile and urban children and the similarities and differences between the two groups of children; (3) emotional regulation plays an important role in the relationship between parent-child attachment and child friendship quality, and the similarities and differences between flow and urban children. This paper includes the research and research of two parts. Among them, there were 383 and 431 children in Shanghai (N = 295) and Nanjing (N = 564). In this paper, a pair of measuring tools are studied to carry out the preliminary analysis of the reliability test and the inter-variable relationship. Two cities of Shanghai (N = 193) and Nanjing (N = 591) were used to study the subjects, including 347 and 423 children. The characteristics of children's friendship and their differences in population, parent-child attachment and mood adjustment are studied in this paper. To examine the mediating role of emotion regulation in the relationship between parent-child attachment and child's friendship quality, and the difference between the two groups. The results showed that the letter efficiency of parent-child attachment and emotion adjustment questionnaire was good, and after the revision of the questionnaire, the degree of validity of the questionnaire was also in accordance with the measurement standard. There is a correlation between parent-adolescent attachment and emotional adjustment and the quality of friendship, but there are similarities and differences between flow and urban children. For example, in mobile and urban children, the quality of positive friendship is positively related to the attachment of safe attachment; however, the quality of positive friendship is not related to the avoidance attachment of mobile children, but it is negatively correlated with the circumvention attachment of urban children to mother. The results show that (1) In the development trend of friendship quality, the positive friendship quality of children is declining, the quality of negative friendship is on the rise, and there is a significant difference between the flow and the urban children's groups. Specifically, in the last test, the positive friendship quality of mobile children is higher than that of urban children, and the level of negative friendship quality is lower than that of urban children; in the development rate of the quality of friendship among children, the positive friendship quality of mobile children is slower than that of urban children. (2) The influence of parent-child attachment and emotional regulation on the development of friendship quality has both similarities and differences in mobile and urban children. The similarity is that the security attachment can promote the development of the positive friendship quality of the mobile and urban children, and the cognitive re-evaluation can promote the development of the positive friendship quality of the mobile and urban children. The difference is that in the flowing children, the avoidance of the father and the anxiety type attachment to the mother will increase the development of the negative friendship quality, the cognitive re-evaluation can also inhibit the development of the negative friendship quality, and the expression inhibition will increase the development of the negative friendship quality; In urban children, the avoidance type attachment to mother will increase the development of its negative friendship quality. (3) Emotional adjustment has an intermediary role in the relationship between parent-child attachment and child's friendship quality, and it has similarities and differences between flowing and urban children. In both groups, cognitive reassessment plays an intermediary role in the avoidance-type attachment and the quality of friendship between the two groups, and there is no brokering role in the security attachment, anxiety-type attachment and friendship quality. The difference is manifested in that in the flowing children, the avoidance type attachment to the father can reduce the quality of its positive friendship by weakening the cognitive re-evaluation, and enhance the quality of its negative friendship; in the urban children, Emotional adjustment does not play an intermediary role in the avoidance-type attachment and friendship quality of the father; in the mobile children, the avoidance-type attachment to the mother can enhance its passive friendship quality by weakening the cognitive re-evaluation; and in urban children, The avoidance type attachment to mother can reduce the positive friendship quality by weakening the cognitive re-evaluation. Finally, the research results are discussed and summarized, and the contribution, deficiency and enlightenment to education are summarized.
【学位授予单位】：南京师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：B844.1
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