教育投入在破解云南“资源诅咒”中经济贡献的研究

发布时间：2018-11-26 12:42

【摘要】：丰裕的自然资源与不成正比的落后经济水平是人们对西部资源富集地区的第一印象,云南省则是其中一个典型的经济依赖资源型省份。处于经济跨越式发展关键时期的云南并没有通过其丰裕自然资源的优势步入经济高速发展的轨道,并且无论从居民收入还是经济总量来看都与东部许多自然资源匮乏地区之间的差距日益加大。资源开采带来的巨大收益,使得大量资本和劳动力转移到资源开采部门,使得其他产业失去竞争力,特别是制造业,从长远来看,一旦制造业衰落,那么一个国家资源再丰富也很难使经济得到高效持续发展。从对经济促进的角度来看,资源开采可以带来短期丰厚利润,但长远来看,资源型经济后期带来的危害,例如生态环境恶化,资源枯竭,地质灾害频发等将导致经济发展后劲不足,因此依赖资源发展经济是短期的,不可持续的。新经济形势下,经济的发展在很大程度上受制于技术水平和科学知识的先进程度,科学技术的发展源源不断的将之前的投入转化为产出,越来越显示出教育在经济发展中最重要的推动作用,因此,在教育投资与经济增长的关系上形成“教育促经济,教育促投资,投资兴教育”的良性循环才是缓解云南省“资源诅咒”之困的长期可持续发展方法。本文首先结合云南省的资源禀赋状况产业结构和经济增长现状提出云南省正在遭受“资源诅咒”的假设,再引入资源丰裕度指标和人均GDP增长率指标,构建相关模型进行实证分析,得到了云南省的确存在“资源诅咒”的结论,同时模型也反映出代表人力资本投入的教育费用和科研费用投入能够促进云南省经济增长正向发展。接下来,作者从教育投入对云南省总教育投入对经济增长的贡献,各层次教育投入对云南省经济增长的贡献和教育投入对云南省三大产业的经济贡献三个角度证明了增加教育投入能够缓解云南省“资源诅咒”困境的假设。论文最后从如何通过加大教育投入,重视人力资源开发利用,一方面将自然资源优势转化为经济优势,另一方面改变云南省经济增长方式展开论述,提出符合云南省现状的政策建议。
[Abstract]:Abundant natural resources and unproportional backward economic level are the first impressions of resource-rich areas in western China, and Yunnan Province is one of the typical resource-dependent provinces. Yunnan, which is in a crucial period of economic leaps and bounds, has not entered the track of rapid economic development through its advantages of abundant natural resources. And the gap between residents' income and economic output is increasing with the lack of natural resources in the east. The huge gains from resource extraction have led to the transfer of large amounts of capital and labour to the resource extraction sector, leaving other industries uncompetitive, especially manufacturing, and, in the long run, once manufacturing declines, However rich a country's resources are, it is difficult for the economy to develop efficiently and sustainably. From the point of view of promoting the economy, resource exploitation can bring short-term profits, but in the long run, the harm brought about by the latter stage of resource-based economy, such as the deterioration of ecological environment and the depletion of resources, The frequent occurrence of geological disasters will lead to insufficient economic development, so it is short-term and unsustainable to rely on resources to develop economy. Under the new economic situation, the development of economy is restricted to a large extent by the advanced level of technology and scientific knowledge, and the development of science and technology is constantly transforming the previous input into output. It is increasingly evident that education plays the most important role in promoting economic development. Therefore, in the relationship between investment in education and economic growth, "education promotes economy, education promotes investment," The virtuous circle of investment and education is the long-term sustainable development method to alleviate the resource curse in Yunnan province. This paper first puts forward the hypothesis that Yunnan is suffering from "resource curse" according to the industrial structure of resource endowment and the present situation of economic growth in Yunnan Province, and then introduces the index of resource abundance and the per capita GDP growth rate. Based on the empirical analysis of relevant models, the conclusion that there is a "resource curse" in Yunnan Province is obtained. At the same time, the model also shows that the investment in education and scientific research, which represents the input of human capital, can promote the positive development of Yunnan's economic growth. Next, from the contribution of educational input to the total educational investment of Yunnan Province to economic growth, The contribution of educational investment to Yunnan's economic growth at different levels and the economic contribution of educational investment to Yunnan's three major industries prove the hypothesis that increasing educational investment can alleviate the dilemma of "resource curse" in Yunnan Province. In the end, the paper discusses how to change the economic advantage from the advantage of natural resources to the economic advantage of Yunnan province by increasing the investment in education and paying attention to the development and utilization of human resources, on the other hand, it discusses how to change the economic growth mode of Yunnan Province. Put forward the policy suggestion in line with the present situation of Yunnan Province.
【学位授予单位】：昆明理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F812.45;G527

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