团体辅导提升初一学生共情能力的实验研究

发布时间：2018-12-08 16:13

【摘要】：在中国素质化教育的今天,童年晚期过渡到青春期早期的初一学生的心理健康影响着学生的身心发展。在经济中高速发展的中国,初一学生是二十一世纪后出生的孩子,他们更好的享受着来自家庭、社会的关爱。反之,也出现了一些青少年不文明的现象,如:漠视、自私、不懂得关爱和理解他人等。童年晚期过渡到青春期的初一年级学生在初中阶段具有着半依赖、半成熟的心理特点。本研究是以霍夫曼(1982)提出的“共情发展模型”为理论依据和采用1980年外国学者费西巴赫的共情方案为实验依据,通过提升初一学生的共情训练的团体干预来提升初一学生的共情能力,从而促进和提升其心理健康水平。本研究包括两个部分:第一部分是对初一学生目前的共情水平现状,结合前人的研究文献,对初一学生的共情能力特点进行总结分析;第二部分是借鉴费西巴赫的共情方案,随机选取32名学生,实验组和对照组各8男8女,实行实验效果前后测,并回收实验组团体反馈表、教师二次访谈记录表,通过定量和定性分析,检验实验干预效果和团体辅导效果。本研究主要得到了以下结果:(1)初一学生共情总体处于中等水平,在共情认识和共情行为上有提升的空间。(2)初一学生在性别上的共情水平存在明显差别,女生共情水平显著高于男生。在幻想维度上初一男女生差异明显,女生高于男生。(3)在初一学生共情水平的现状研究中发现,在学生的来源地方面无明显差异,在学生的独生子女与非独生子女情况方面无明显差异,在学生是否担任班干部方面无明显差异。(4)团体辅导可以有效提升初中一年级学生的共情能力。
[Abstract]:With the development of quality education in China, the mental health of junior high school students from late childhood to early adolescence affects their physical and mental development. In the rapid economic development of China, junior high school students are born after the 21 century, they better enjoy from the family, social care. Conversely, there are some uncivilized phenomena of teenagers, such as indifference, selfishness, lack of care and understanding of others. The junior high school students who transition from childhood to adolescence have semi-dependent and semi-mature psychological characteristics in junior middle school. This study is based on the "empathy development model" proposed by Hoffman (1982) and the experimental basis of the 1980 foreign scholar Fiscibach's empathy scheme. The empathic ability of junior high school students was improved by improving the group intervention of empathy training, so as to promote and improve their mental health level. This research includes two parts: the first part is to summarize and analyze the characteristics of the empathy ability of the first grade junior high school students combined with the previous research literature; The second part is to draw lessons from Fessibach's empathy scheme, randomly select 32 students, the experimental group and the control group of 8 men and 8 women, the experimental results before and after the test, and recall the experimental group feedback table, teachers' second interview record table, The effects of experimental intervention and group counseling were tested by quantitative and qualitative analysis. The main results of this study are as follows: (1) the empathy of junior high school students is generally at a medium level, and there is room for improvement in empathy and empathy behavior. (2) there are significant differences in the level of empathy between the first grade students of junior high school and their gender. The level of empathy of girls was significantly higher than that of boys. In fantasy dimension, there is a significant difference between male and female students, female students are higher than boys. (3) in the current study of the level of empathy among junior high school students, there is no significant difference in the origin of students. There is no significant difference between the one-child and non-one-child students, and there is no significant difference in whether the students are class cadres. (4) Group counseling can effectively improve the empathy ability of first-year junior high school students.
【学位授予单位】：南昌大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G448

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