基于STEM的跨学科教学设计与实践

发布时间：2019-04-02 04:48

【摘要】：信息化时代的发展需要大量的工程与技术人才,STEM教育逐渐成为基础教育阶段国际科学教育的一门新兴课程,受到各国的关注和重视。我国在一些地区进行了STEM教育的实践推广,但国内相关研究主要集中在STEM教育的概念辨析、课程研究、教学模式及实施案例等方面,对STEM教育在具体学科教学中的应用研究较少。STEM教育理念的核心是跨学科整合,跨学科整合最核心、最重要的工作是项目或问题的设计。STEM的跨学科整合,一方面要将分学科的知识按问题逻辑或项目逻辑进行跨学科重组,另一方面又要确保设计的问题和项目对所有学科基础性知识结构的全面、均衡覆盖。基于多学科融合的STEM理念,项目组设计并实施了"气球火箭"系列课程。在以华中科技大学附属小学学生为研究对象进行的单组前后测实验中发现:基于STEM的教育能够激发学生的学习兴趣,也有利于学生科学探究能力的发展;而且虽然基于STEM的教学在一定程度上增加了学生的认知负荷,但一定范围内的高认知负荷有利于学生探究能力的发展。
[Abstract]:The development of information age needs a large number of engineering and technical talents. STEM education has gradually become a new course of international science education in the stage of basic education, which has been paid attention and attention by many countries. China has carried out the practice and promotion of STEM education in some areas, but the related research in China mainly focuses on the concept discrimination, curriculum research, teaching model and implementation cases of STEM education, and so on. The core of STEM education concept is interdisciplinary integration, the core of interdisciplinary integration, the most important work is the design of projects or problems, and the interdisciplinary integration of STEM is the most important work. On the one hand, the knowledge of sub-disciplines should be reorganized according to the problem logic or project logic, on the other hand, it is necessary to ensure the comprehensive and balanced coverage of the design problems and projects to the basic knowledge structure of all disciplines. Based on the multi-disciplinary integration of STEM concept, the project team designed and implemented a series of balloon rocket courses. In a single group of pre-and post-test experiments with students from the primary school affiliated to Huazhong University of Science and Technology as the object of study, it is found that STEM-based education can stimulate students' interest in learning and is conducive to the development of students' ability to explore science; And although the teaching based on STEM increases the students' cognitive load to a certain extent, the high cognitive load within a certain range is beneficial to the development of students' inquiry ability.
【作者单位】：华中师范大学教育信息技术学院;华中科技大学附属小学;
【基金】：2016年度教育部人文社会科学研究规划基金项目“智慧教室中促进小学生深度学习的教学策略研究”(16YJA880067) The “Future Schools in 2030” Program:The Technology Enhanced Assessment to Improve Students’ Deep Learning in Smart Classroom(AICFE-IO-007)
【分类号】：G434

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