2004～2008年全国学生肺结核报告发病特征分析

发布时间：2018-03-06 23:07

本文选题：结核病防治　切入点：肺　出处：《中国健康教育》2009年11期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：目的分析全国学生肺结核报告发病特征,提高对学校结核病防治工作的认识、为制定全国学校结核病防治对策提供依据。方法利用2005~2008年全国传染病网络直报系统肺结核报告发病资料,统计分析学生肺结核报告发病率及其变化趋势;学生肺结核报告发病时空分布。结果2005年,全国学生肺结核报告发病率为5.86/10万,2008年为4.96/10万,下降了15.4%,涂阳肺结核报告发病率分别为1.91/10万和1.31/10万,下降了31.4%;学生肺结核报告发病数和涂阳肺结核报告发病数占全人口肺结核报告发病数和涂阳肺结核报告发病数的比例逐年下降;2005~2006年,学生肺结核报告发病数位于各类职业的第三位,2007~2008年位于第四位;各年度学生肺结核报告发患者数时空分布,4月份最高,其次为5月份和3月份,12月份最低;学生各年龄组发病数构成比,15岁~组最高,平均为54.4%,其次为20岁~组为25.9%;各省学生肺结核报告发患者数和报告发病率悬殊。结论全国学生肺结核病例报告发病率呈缓慢下降趋势,各年龄组发病数中,15岁~组最多,全年4月份报告发病数明显增多。应加强对学校结核病防治工作的认识,加强对高中和大学入学新生的结核病检查,早期发现学校结核病患者并早期开展学校肺结核患者密切接触者调查,防止结核病在学校的蔓延。
[Abstract]:Objective to analyze the characteristics of tuberculosis report in students in China, and to improve the understanding of tuberculosis prevention and control in schools. Methods from 2005 to 2008, the incidence rate of tuberculosis report and its changing trend were statistically analyzed by using the data of national network direct report of infectious diseases in China to provide the basis for formulating national tuberculosis prevention and control measures in schools. Results in 2005, the reported incidence rate of student tuberculosis was 58.6% / 100 000, and in 2008 it was 49.6% / 100 000, a decrease of 15.4%. The reported incidence rate of smear positive pulmonary tuberculosis was 19.1% 100 thousand and 13.1% 100 000, respectively. The reported incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis among students and smear positive pulmonary tuberculosis in the whole population and smear positive pulmonary tuberculosis decreased year by year from 2005 to 2006. The number of reported cases of pulmonary tuberculosis among students was in the third place of all kinds of occupation from 2007 to 2008 in 4th, the time and space distribution of the number of reported cases was the highest in April, followed by the lowest in May and March and December. The incidence of disease was the highest in 15 years old group. The average rate was 54.4, followed by 25.9in the group of 20 years old. There were significant differences in the number of reported cases and the reported incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis among the students in each province. Conclusion the incidence of reported cases of pulmonary tuberculosis among students in China shows a slow downward trend, and the number of reported cases in each age group is the highest in the group of 15 years old. In April, the number of reported cases increased significantly. We should strengthen our understanding of the work of preventing and controlling tuberculosis in schools, and strengthen the examination of tuberculosis among the freshmen enrolled in high schools and universities. Early detection of school TB patients and early close contact investigation of school TB patients to prevent the spread of tuberculosis in schools.
【作者单位】：中国疾病预防控制中心结核病预防控制中心;卫生部疾病控制局;
【分类号】：G478;R181.3

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