质性研究中的多重研究关系和伦理“雷区”:一位行动研究者的自反性思考

发布时间：2018-05-20 23:33

本文选题：质性研究 + 行动研究　；参考：《教育学报》2009年04期

【摘要】：作为质性研究发展的新趋向,行动研究所提倡的"合作"、"反思"、"变革"等理念越来越多地渗入至当代的民族志研究中。例如,批判民族志(Critical Ethnography)结合了批判理论和建构主义的认识论,认为研究者不应局限于客观地观察和记录被研究者的生活,还应充分反思自己在建构知识的过程中所扮演的角色,并充分"赋权"被研究者。基于平等的对话,被研究者才能够成为思考和行动的主体;研究所获得的知识才能在最大程度上摆脱意识形态的扭曲。在这篇论文中,作者主要回顾自己在一项突出行动性的民族志研究中的经验。通过反身性思考,本文揭示了研究关系的多重性、复杂性和敏感性,尤其是跨越"虚拟"与"真实"的伦理"雷区"。文章主要探讨两大问题:第一,在具体的社会情境中,研究关系是如何逐步建立起来的?第二,整个研究过程遭遇了哪些伦理危机?最佳解决途径是什么?作者对这些问题的讨论为今后的行动研究提供了一些与社会情境紧密相联的"经验性智慧"。这些经验可以帮助行动研究逐渐适应我国的具体国情,真正调动其广大一线教师的参与积极性。
[Abstract]:As a new trend in the development of qualitative research, the concepts of "cooperation", "reflection" and "change" advocated by action research are increasingly infiltrating into contemporary ethnography research. For example, critical ethnography (critical ethnography) combines critical theory with constructivism epistemology and holds that researchers should not only observe and record the life of the researcher objectively, but also reflect fully on their role in the process of constructing knowledge. And fully "empower" the researcher. Based on the dialogue of equality, the researcher can become the subject of thinking and action, and the knowledge gained by the research can get rid of the distortion of ideology to the greatest extent. In this paper, the author reviews his experience in an outstanding ethnographic study. Through reflexive thinking, this paper reveals the multiplicity, complexity and sensitivity of research relationships, especially the ethical "minefields" of "virtual" and "real". This paper mainly discusses two major problems: first, in the specific social context, how to gradually establish the research relationship? Second, what ethical crisis did the whole research process encounter? What is the best solution? The author's discussion of these problems provides some experiential wisdom which is closely related to the social situation for future action research. These experiences can help the action research gradually adapt to the specific conditions of our country, and mobilize the participation enthusiasm of the vast number of front-line teachers.
【作者单位】：北京大学社会学系;
【分类号】：G40

【共引文献】