大学生职业性别刻板印象与职业兴趣的关系研究

发布时间：2018-01-13 22:15

本文关键词：大学生职业性别刻板印象与职业兴趣的关系研究　出处：《山东师范大学》2010年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】： 现代社会仍传递着职业性别刻板印象。人们表面承认男性的优势领域女性同样可以取得相当的成就,但传统的刻板印象依然内隐地存在,并且以一种自动化的方式对人们的日常观念和行为产生影响。男女两性在社会化的过程中,职业性别刻板印象极大地影响了他们的心理,使他们常常根据刻板印象修正自己的行为、举止以及职业选择。研究表明,一个人从事感兴趣的职业,可以通过工作动机促进能力的发挥,而且长时间保持高效和不疲倦。因此,职业兴趣不仅是职业选择的重要依据,还可以增强个体在今后职业生涯的适应性,工作满意度和稳定性。 2010年全国高校毕业生将达到630万,大学生就业难问题早已引起社会的广泛关注。如何根据社会的需要,选择与自己的职业兴趣匹配的职业,充分发挥自己的聪明才智,是大学生面临的重要课题。本文首先综述了国内外关于职业性别刻板印象和职业兴趣的理论观点和实证研究。在此基础上,通过问卷调查和查阅劳动部职业分类表,挑选出属于男性职业10项和女性职业7项作为大学生职业性别刻板印象调查问卷;在对方俐洛等编制的霍兰德式的中国职业兴趣量表进行预测验并修订后,形成了大学生职业兴趣调查问卷。这两个问卷具有较好的构想效度、效标效度和信度。采用这两个调查问卷,对山东师范大学292名文理科大学生进行了调查。在调查数据和已有理论的基础上,系统分析了大学生职业性别刻板印象和职业兴趣的现状和特点、以及两者之间的辩证关系。本研究得出主要结论如下: 1、大学生职业性别刻板印象客观存在,且呈现显著的性别差异。男生具有更强烈的职业性别刻板印象,女大学生具有较低的职业性别刻板印象。 2、大学生职业性别刻板印象的文理科主效应不显著。即文理科大学生总体认为:男生更适合技术类职业,女生更适合服务类职业。性别和文理科分类的交互作用不显著。 3、大学生职业兴趣的类型排序依次是:社会型艺术型事业型常规型研究型实际型。 4、大学生的职业兴趣存在性别差异:实际型的男生高于女生;艺术型的女生高于男生。社会型、事业型、研究型和常规型职业兴趣不存在性别差异。 5、大学生的职业兴趣存在文理科差异:理科大学生在研究型职业兴趣上明显高于文科大学生。 6、大学生的男性职业刻板印象与实际型、研究型职业兴趣存在显著正相关;大学生的男性、女性职业刻板印象与艺术型职业兴趣呈显著负相关。
[Abstract]:The modern society still conveys the professional gender stereotype. People admit that the male superiority domain female can also obtain the considerable achievement, but the traditional stereotype still exists implicitly. And in an automated way to affect people's daily concepts and behavior. Men and women in the process of socialization, professional gender stereotype greatly affected their psychology. They often modify their behavior, behavior, and career choices based on stereotypes. Studies have shown that a person in a profession of interest can promote ability through work motivation and remain efficient and tireless for a long time. Therefore, professional interest is not only an important basis for career choice. It can also enhance the adaptability, job satisfaction and stability of the individual in the future career. In 2010, the number of college graduates in China will reach 6.3 million. The problem of college students' employment difficulties has already aroused widespread concern in the society. How to choose the occupation that matches their professional interests according to the needs of the society. It is an important subject for college students to give full play to their intelligence. This paper firstly summarizes the theoretical and empirical research on occupational gender stereotype and occupational interest at home and abroad. On this basis, through the questionnaire survey and consult the Ministry of Labor occupation classification table. 10 items of male occupation and 7 items of female occupation were selected as questionnaires of professional gender stereotype of college students. After forecasting and revising the Hollander vocational interest scale developed by Fang Liluo and others, the questionnaire of college students' professional interest is formed. These two questionnaires have good conceive validity. The validity and reliability of the two questionnaires were used to investigate 292 college students majoring in arts and science in Shandong normal University. Based on the survey data and existing theories. This paper systematically analyzes the present situation and characteristics of professional gender stereotype and professional interest of college students, and the dialectical relationship between them. The main conclusions of this study are as follows: 1. The professional gender stereotype of college students exists objectively and presents significant gender differences. Male students have a stronger occupational gender stereotype, while female college students have a lower vocational gender stereotype. 2, the main effect of the professional gender stereotype of college students is not significant, that is, arts and science college students generally think: male students are more suitable for technical occupation. Female students are more suitable for service occupation. The interaction between gender and arts and science classification is not significant. 3. The order of college students' professional interest is: social type, artistic type, career type, conventional type, research type, practical type. 4. There are gender differences in professional interest of college students: the actual type of male students is higher than the female type, the artistic type of female students is higher than the male, and there is no gender difference in social type, career type, research type and routine type of professional interest. 5. There are differences in the professional interest of college students in arts and sciences: the professional interest of science students is obviously higher than that of liberal arts students. 6. There is a significant positive correlation between male occupational stereotype and actual type and research-based professional interest, and a significant negative correlation between male and female occupational stereotype and artistic vocational interest.
【学位授予单位】：山东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：B844.2

【引证文献】