张家口市大学生心理健康状况及相关因素分析研究

发布时间：2018-05-02 12:32

本文选题：张家口市大学生 + 心理健康　；参考：《河北师范大学》2010年硕士论文

【摘要】：目的:近些年来,大学生的心理健康状况越来越受到人们的关注。但是,目前对大学生心理健康进行研究多采用SCL-90作为工具,消极意义多,没有从积极的方面来考虑;而且研究因素单一,对影响因素的探讨较少考虑多变量及变量间的相互作用;研究模式停留在生理、心理或社会因素单一取向上,多维取向比较少。本研究:(1)采用自测健康评定量表(简称SRHMS)从生理、心理和社会三个方面对大学生的心理健康状况进行整体的评定;(2)同时研究父母教养方式、应对方式和韧性对大学生心理健康的影响;(3)通过对张家口市大学生心理健康状况及相关因素的研究,对我市乃至全省、全国的大学生心理健康教育工作提供支持和借鉴作用。方法:在张家口市的5所高校中利用分层随机整群抽样的方法,共抽取大学生被试900名进行团体问卷调查。研究工具为自测健康评定量表(SRHMS)、父母教养方式评价量表(EMBU)、特质应对方式问卷(TCSQ)和韧性量表(CD-RISC)。共获得有效问卷837份,利用SPSS13.0进行相关分析、聚类分析及差异检验。结果:(1)各量表的Cronbachα系数分别为:SRHMS(0.821)、EMBU(父亲0.852,母亲0.855)、TCSQ(NC 0.709,PC 0.689)、CD-RISC(0.891);(2)张家口市大学生在心理健康子量表上得分显著低于一般人群(p0.01);(3)张家口市大学生在EMBU的“情感温暖与理解关心”维度与SRHMS的生理、心理、社会和总分均存在显著正相关(p0.01),EMBU的“偏爱”维度与SRHMS的生理、心理、社会和总分均呈现显著负相关(p0.01),EMBU的“惩罚严厉”、“拒绝否认”维度与心理、总分呈现显著负相关(p0.01),EMBU“过度干涉”、“过度保护”与心理子量表存在显著负相关(p0.05);(4)张家口市大学生自测健康中B2因子(日常生活功能)与积极应对方式之间存在显著相关(p0.01),S1因子(社会活动)与消极应对之间存在显著相关(p0.05),父亲放任型教养方式和母亲矛盾型教养方式与子女的消极应对方式之间存在显著差异(p0.05);(5)张家口市大学生韧性一般型与韧性较差型在S2因子(社会资源与社会接触)上差异显著(p0.05)。结论:(1)张家口市大学生总体健康状况、社会健康状况优于一般人群,心理健康状况低于一般人群,加强大学生的心理健康教育是十分必要的;(2)张家口市大学生父母教养方式可以聚类为积极型、放任型和矛盾型三种类型;积极的父母教养方式有助于大学生健康心理的形成;(3)张家口市大学生应对方式与心理健康状况之间没有必然的联系;父亲放任型教养方式和母亲矛盾型教养方式更易形成子女的消极应对方式;(4)个体的社会经验有助于大学生形成良好的韧性心理品质,在面临应激情境时不同的社会资源与社会接触经历会对个体对事情的认识以及复原有很大的影响,在对培养子女的韧性心理品质上,父母具有共同的影响力,父母积极的教养方式有助于较强韧性的培养,而不良的教养方式,如惩罚、拒绝不利于子女韧性的培养。?
[Abstract]:Objective: in recent years, the psychological health of college students has attracted more and more attention. However, the study of College Students' mental health is mostly used as a tool, with SCL-90 as a tool, with many negative meanings and no positive consideration. The research pattern stays in the single orientation of physiological, psychological or social factors, and the multidimensional orientation is less. (1) the self-rated health assessment scale (SRHMS) is used to evaluate the mental health of college students from three aspects of physiology, psychology and society. (2) the methods of parental rearing, coping style and resilience are studied at the same time. The influence on the mental health of college students; (3) through the study of psychological health status and related factors of college students in Zhangjiakou, it provides support and reference for college students' mental health education in our city and even in the whole province.
Methods: a total of 900 college students were sampled by stratified random cluster sampling in 5 colleges and universities in Zhangjiakou. The research tools were self-test Health Assessment Scale (SRHMS), parenting style evaluation scale (EMBU), trait coping style (TCSQ) and Resilience Scale (CD-RISC). A total of 837 valid questionnaires were obtained. SPSS13.0 was used for correlation analysis, cluster analysis and variance test.
Results: (1) the Cronbach alpha coefficients of each scale were SRHMS (0.821), EMBU (father 0.852, mother 0.855), TCSQ (NC 0.709, PC 0.689), CD-RISC (0.891); (2) the score of Zhangjiakou college students on mental health subscale was significantly lower than that of the general population (P0.01); (3) the "emotional warmth and understanding concern" dimension and SRHM of the college students in Zhangjiakou were and SRHM. The physiological, psychological, social and total scores of S have significant positive correlation (P0.01). The "preference" dimension of EMBU has a significant negative correlation with the physiological, psychological, social and total scores of SRHMS (P0.01), the "punishment severity" of EMBU, the "refusal to deny" dimension and the psychology, the total score has a significant negative correlation (P0.01), EMBU "excessive interference", "over protection". There was a significant negative correlation with the psychological subscale (P0.05); (4) there was a significant correlation between B2 factor (daily living function) and positive coping style in Zhangjiakou college students' self-test health (P0.01), and there was a significant correlation between S1 factor (social activity) and negative coping (P0.05), father's laissez faire style and mother's contradictory upbringing and son There were significant differences between women's negative coping styles (P0.05); (5) there were significant differences in the S2 factor (social resources and social contact) between the tenacity and the poor type of the college students in Zhangjiakou (P0.05).
Conclusion: (1) the overall health status of college students in Zhangjiakou, social health status is better than the general population, psychological health condition is lower than the general population, strengthening college students' mental health education is very necessary. (2) the parental rearing pattern of Zhangjiakou university students can be classified as positive, laissez faire and contradiction type three types; positive parents teaching The cultivation method helps the formation of College Students' healthy psychology; (3) there is no necessary relationship between the coping style and mental health of Zhangjiakou university students; father's laissez faire mode and mother's contradictory upbringing are more likely to form negative coping styles of children; (4) individual social experience helps college students to form a good resilience. Rational quality, different social resources and social contact experience in the face of the stressful situation will have a great influence on the understanding and recovery of the individual. In the cultivation of the resilience of the children, the parents have the common influence. Punishment, refusal is not conducive to the cultivation of children's resilience.

【学位授予单位】：河北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：B844.2

【参考文献】