生命与死亡的双重变奏：国际视野下的生命教育

发布时间：2018-05-24 01:57

本文选题：生命 + 死亡　；参考：《华东师范大学》2010年博士论文

【摘要】： 把生命教育作为研究的主题,在时下也算是最顺其自然的选择,因为它已成为现阶段人们关注的热点问题。人是教育的对象,生命教育应是教育的归宿与真谛所在。本研究从宏观的国际视野出发,以“生命与死亡的双重变奏”为主线,在丰富和拓展生命教育内涵的基础上,重点探讨了生命教育的理论根基、历史演进、实践策略及其对中国的启示与借鉴。本研究希望能为学术界研究生命教育提供新的视角,同时也能为发展本土化的生命教育有所启迪。在中西方的各种差异中,文化差异乃是根源性和本质性的,而这种差异又直接源于中西生死观之殊同。作为传统文化的重要思想资源,中西生死观并无高下优劣之分,只有合理、合意与否。通过比较分析,笔者主张在维护民族情感与尊重文化差异的前提下,合理借鉴对方生死观研究中的积极成果,并通过加强制度建设引导生死的自由意志,从而在纠偏补弊的基础上进一步完善本民族的生死观建构。作为人生中最重大的问题,生死问题在教育视阈中也具有举足轻重的地位。笔者通过对教育视阈中生死异化之现状分析,提出了开展生命教育的合理性与紧迫性,从而为生命教育的全面解读作了必要铺陈。本研究认为,生命教育内涵的超越、丰富和发展必须有效统整、融合死亡教育和生死教育基本理念,体现全面性与通识性。具体来说,生命教育就是一种生死观教育,它主要包括两个方面：“关于生死的教育”(education about life and death)与“为了生死的教育”(education for life and death)。其中,“关于生死的教育”强调的是生命教育的内容,即获取关于生死的知识性学问；“为了生死的教育”强调的是生命教育的目的,即把关于生死的知识性学问落实到生活实践中,最终转化为生死智慧。依循“生命与死亡的双重变奏”这一红线,生命教育的发展历程大致可分为三个阶段：孕育期、创生期与拓展期,其中尤以拓展期最为关键。生死学以及生死教育的创立不仅为生命教育的新发展提供了契机,而且也为其本土化实践做出了有益探索。为了整体勾勒国际视野下的生命教育,笔者从理论与实践两个维度展开论证,具体采用形上层面与形下层面相互参证、相互沟通的方式,以期解决关涉生命与死亡的终极关怀的课题,确立生命的方向与死亡的意义。生命教育给教育界,乃至整个人类社会都带来了巨大震撼,它不仅使教育趋向更加人性化的方向发展,而且也把生命真正置于关注的焦点,体现了深厚的人文关怀。因此,作为一种具有现实可行性的教育理念,生命教育是真正充满生命活力的人的教育,它既可以使我们的人生变得美好而高尚,又能够促进人类最终实现诗意的栖居。
[Abstract]:Taking life education as the subject of research is now the most natural choice, because it has become a hot issue that people pay attention to at present. Man is the object of education, and life education should be the destination and true meaning of education. Based on the macro international perspective and the "double variation of life and death", this study focuses on the theoretical foundation and historical evolution of life education on the basis of enriching and expanding the connotation of life education. The practical strategy and its enlightenment and reference to China. The purpose of this study is to provide a new perspective for the research of life education in academic circles and to enlighten the development of local life education. Among the differences between China and the West, cultural differences are rooted and essential, and this difference is directly derived from the difference between Chinese and Western views on life and death. As an important ideological resource of traditional culture, Chinese and Western views on life and death are not superior but reasonable or not. Through comparative analysis, the author advocates that, on the premise of maintaining national emotion and respecting cultural differences, the author can reasonably draw lessons from the positive achievements in the study of the other side's outlook on life and death, and guide the free will of life and death through strengthening the construction of the system. Thus, on the basis of rectifying and compensating the disadvantages, we can further improve the construction of our nation's outlook on life and death. As the most important problem in life, the issue of life and death also plays an important role in educational vision. Based on the analysis of the present situation of the alienation of life and death in the educational perspective, the author puts forward the rationality and urgency of carrying out life education, thus making a necessary prelude to the comprehensive interpretation of life education. This study holds that the transcendence, enrichment and development of the connotation of life education must be integrated effectively, integrate the basic concepts of death education and life and death education, and embody comprehensiveness and generality. Specifically, life education is a kind of life and death view education, which mainly includes two aspects: "education on life and death" about life and death) and "education for life and death". Among them, "Education on life and death" emphasizes the content of life education, that is, acquiring knowledge about life and death, and "education for life and death" emphasizes the purpose of life education. That is to put the knowledge of life and death into practice, and finally into the wisdom of life and death. According to the red line of "the double variation of life and death", the development of life education can be divided into three stages: gestation period, creation period and expansion period, among which the expansion period is the most important. The establishment of the science of life and death and the education of life and death not only provides an opportunity for the new development of life education, but also makes a beneficial exploration for its localization practice. In order to outline the whole life education in the international field of vision, the author demonstrates from the two dimensions of theory and practice, and concretely adopts the ways of mutual reference and mutual communication between the upper and lower levels. In order to solve the ultimate concern of life and death, establish the direction of life and the significance of death. Life education has brought great shock to the educational circles and even the whole human society. It not only makes education more humanized, but also puts life in the focus of attention and embodies profound humanistic concern. Therefore, as a realistic and feasible educational idea, life education is the education of people who are full of life vitality. It can not only make our life beautiful and noble, but also promote human beings to finally realize poetic dwelling.
【学位授予单位】：华东师范大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：G41

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