班级授课制的历史发展与德育改革研究

发布时间：2018-03-16 08:18

本文选题：班级授课制　切入点：历史发展　出处：《东北师范大学》2007年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】： 在人类文明的发展与进步过程中,教育始终起主导和推动作用。当今世界,无论是发达国家还是不发达国家,都对教育事业的发展予以关注。通过发展教育培养人才,推动国家的兴旺发达和创新发展,是发达国家所走过的一条共同之路。发展中国家在总结发达国家成功经验的同时,也把科教兴邦作为重要发展战略。与国家、社会对教育事业的重视程度相适应,产生了不同的教育教学模式。历经演变,班级授课制成为现代教育的主体模式,并在国内外漫长的历史实践中发挥了重大作用。班级授课制的产生和发展,经历了漫长的历史过程,反映了教育发展的内在规律,也是社会发展和人类文明不断进步的产物。班级授课制这种基于学生共性要求的教学组织形式,能够有效地利用教育资源,提高教育效果。特别是在以知识传播为主体的现代教育时期,班级授课制仍有许多优势,并在国内外教育界受到重视。实践证明,采取班级授课制这种教学组织形式,对于传播新知识、传授新理念和提高教学对象的整体素质,具有其他教学组织形式所无法替代的作用和优点。然而,班级授课制在产生和发展过程中,也存在许多缺陷,难以针对学生的个性特点因人施教,不利于调动学生个体的积极性和专长。特别是随着现代网络媒体的兴起,社会开放度日益提高,这种以“班、课、时”为主要特点的教学组织形式,越来越显示出其本身的局限性。因而,国内外许多专家学者提出了改进班级授课制的意见和建议,一些学校和地区,在改进班级授课制方面进行了许多有益的探索,如推广小班教学、探索走班制度、实行分层教学、个性化辅导,等等,使班级授课制在发展中日益完善。班级授课制作为一种广泛应用的教学组织形式和教学制度,在德育教学中同样发挥主体作用。在我国,随着以德治国方略的提出和改革开放步伐的加快,加强德育教育的任务十分繁重。班级授课制这种教学制度,在普及德育知识和提高德育素质方面发挥了重要作用,但从适应以德治国的需要以提高青少年道德素质来说,班级授课制对提高德育效果还有许多局限。应从德育教育的现实需要出发,加强和改进班级授课制,发挥多种有效德育手段的辅助作用,提高中小学德育水平,进而提高全民族道德素质。本文就班级授课制的历史发展与德育改革问题,通过寻找国内外班级授课制的历史发展轨迹,认真地分析了班级授课制的主要特点和缺陷,并在探索国内外班级授课制改进的理论和实践的前提下,阐述了班级授课制对思想道德教育的重大意义特别是改进的思路。
[Abstract]:In the course of the development and progress of human civilization, education has always played a leading and promoting role. In today's world, both developed and underdeveloped countries pay close attention to the development of education. Promoting national prosperity and innovative development is a common path taken by developed countries. While summing up the successful experiences of developed countries, developing countries also regard science and education as an important development strategy. The society pays attention to the education cause adapts to the degree, has produced the different education teaching pattern. After the evolution, the class teaching system has become the modern education main body pattern, and has played the important role in the domestic and foreign long historical practice. The emergence and development of the class teaching system has experienced a long historical process, which reflects the inherent law of the development of education. It is also a product of the continuous progress of social development and human civilization. Class teaching, a form of teaching organization based on the common requirements of students, can effectively utilize educational resources. Especially in the period of modern education with knowledge dissemination as the main body, the class teaching system still has many advantages, and has been paid attention to in the field of education at home and abroad. Practice has proved that the class teaching system is adopted as the teaching organization form. To spread new knowledge, impart new idea and improve the whole quality of teaching object, it has the function and advantage that other teaching organization can't replace. However, in the course of the emergence and development of class teaching system, there are many defects, it is difficult to teach students' personality characteristics, which is not conducive to arousing students' enthusiasm and expertise, especially with the rise of modern network media. With the increasing openness of society, this kind of teaching organization, which is characterized by "class, class and hour", increasingly shows its own limitations. As a result, many experts and scholars at home and abroad have put forward suggestions and suggestions to improve the class teaching system. Some schools and regions have carried on many beneficial explorations in improving class teaching system, such as popularizing small class teaching, exploring walking class system, implementing stratified teaching, individualized tutoring, and so on, which makes the class teaching system perfect day by day in the development of class teaching system. Class teaching production is a widely used teaching organization and teaching system, which also plays a main role in moral education teaching. In our country, with the development of the strategy of governing the country by virtue and the quickening of the pace of reform and opening up, The teaching system of class teaching plays an important role in popularizing moral education knowledge and improving moral education quality, but in order to adapt to the need of governing the country by virtue and to improve the moral quality of young people, the task of strengthening moral education is very heavy. The class teaching system has many limitations to improve the effect of moral education. It is necessary to strengthen and improve the class teaching system in order to improve the level of moral education in primary and secondary schools, so as to give play to the auxiliary role of various effective means of moral education, and to improve the moral education level of primary and secondary schools. And then improve the moral quality of the whole nation. Based on the historical development of the class teaching system and the reform of moral education, this paper analyzes the main characteristics and defects of the class teaching system by looking for the historical development track of the class teaching system at home and abroad. On the premise of exploring the theory and practice of the improvement of the class teaching system at home and abroad, this paper expounds the great significance of the class teaching system to the ideological and moral education, especially the thinking of improving the class teaching system.
【学位授予单位】：东北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2007
【分类号】：G451.1

【引证文献】