学海堂和漳南书院教育活动之比较

发布时间：2018-01-09 04:03

本文关键词：学海堂和漳南书院教育活动之比较　出处：《山西师范大学》2012年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：书院是我国古代士子们以书为中心，集读书、教学、编书、刻书、收藏书籍于一体的特别的教育机构。书院不仅教书育人还可以交流思想，传递文化，对社会文化的发展有重要的作用。书院与私学、官学三者构成了我国古代重要的教育形式。清代书院不管从数量上还是教学的质量上都在书院史上有举足轻重的地位，因此，对清代书院的研究也理所当然的成为当前书院研究领域的一个研究热点。学海堂和漳南书院是清代一南一北在实学教育方面比较突出的书院。学海堂是阮元在广州做官时所建立的一所著名书院，书院提倡培养对社会有用的实用人才。学海堂没有像别的书院一样设山长，而是由八个学长来共同打理书院大大小小的事务，书院不仅热衷于文化知识的学习，还对地方政治也比较关注，在整个清代书院史上具有里程碑式的意义。漳南书院是颜元在河北所主持的一所著名书院，注重实用人才的培养，在办学目的、日常管理、教育制度、教育思想等方面进行了一系列适应当时社会的改革,突出了实学的创新特色，对书院的改革产生了不小的影响。两所书院都是在书院陷入科举的怪圈时，书院的管理者打破传统的教学思想，以实学的教育思想为主对书院发起改革，，为清代书院的发展开启了崭新的一页。因此，通过对清代开风气之先的南北两所书院的日常管理活动、教师日常教学活动、学生日常学习活动的比较分析，可以更好地解读清代书院多样化的形态，改变人们对清代书院的刻板印象。通过对书院在不同地区、不同的时代、不同的办学者管理的情势下所展的相同和不同的色彩，可以从更多的角度来了解我国清代南北方书院发展的不同特点及其与创办者之间的关系。
[Abstract]:The Academy of Classical Learning is a special educational institution with books as its center, including reading, teaching, editing, engraving and collecting books. The academy not only teaches and educates people, but also communicates ideas and conveys culture. It plays an important role in the development of social culture. The three official studies constitute an important form of education in ancient China. Academies in the Qing Dynasty played an important role in the history of academies in terms of both quantity and quality of teaching. The research on the academies of Qing dynasty has naturally become a hot spot in the field of academy research. The academy of school of learning and Zhangnan academy is the most outstanding academy in the field of practical education in Qing dynasty, south and north. The school of learning sea is Ruan yuan in Guang. A famous college established when the state was an official. The academy advocates the cultivation of practical talents that are useful to society. Instead of setting up mountain leaders like other academies, the academy consists of eight directors to take care of the affairs of the colleges, large and small, and the academy is not only keen on the study of cultural knowledge. Zhangnan Academy is a famous academy hosted by Yan Yuan in Hebei Province, which pays attention to the cultivation of practical talents and aims at running a school. Daily management, educational system, educational ideas and other aspects of a series of reforms adapted to the society at that time, highlighted the innovative characteristics of practical learning. The two academies were in the strange circle of imperial examination, the managers of the academy broke the traditional teaching thought, and started the reform of the college mainly with the educational thought of practical learning. Therefore, the comparative analysis of the daily management activities, teachers' daily teaching activities and students' daily learning activities of the two academies before the opening of the atmosphere in the Qing Dynasty has opened a new page for the development of the academies in the Qing Dynasty. It can better interpret the various forms of the academies of the Qing Dynasty and change the stereotype of the academies of the Qing Dynasty. The same and different colors developed by different scholars can understand the different characteristics of the development of academies in the south and north of China and their relationship with the founders from more angles.
【学位授予单位】：山西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：G649.299

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