中国近代私立大学董事会制度研究

发布时间：2018-02-15 22:50

本文关键词： 近代私立大学董事会制度　出处：《陕西师范大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：中国近代私立大学在近现代高等教育发展史上,占有十分重要的地位。近代中国涌现了一批办学成功的私立大学,如福建私立厦门大学、武昌私立中华大学。这些大学在时局动荡、战乱频繁、社会经济发展水平落后的环境下,为国家和民族培养了诸多具有跨时代意义的人才,取得了令人瞩目的发展,这与私立大学成功的管理制度密不可分。自美国引进的董事会制度,对中国近代私立大学的发展起到了不可替代的重要作用。研究中国近代私立大学董事会制度的运行对当今民办高校董事会制度建设与改革具有十分重要的现实意义。本文主要采用文献法,个案研究法,历史法三种研究方法。通过对私立厦门大学、私立中华大学等校史资料、历史专著等深入挖掘,论文力图对私立大学董事会制度的发展脉络做一个清晰的概括。在对私立大学董事会制度进行历史考察的基础上,归纳私立大学董事会产生的原因,探究董事会制度在私立大学内部的运行,并且结合时代背景、学校发展的具体情况分析董事会制度被取消的原因。论文共分为四个部分,以发展的角度对19世纪末至20上半叶的近代私立大学董事会制度进行深入研究与探讨。第一部分为绪论,分析了选题的背景和意义,对专著中、史料中、期刊文献中有关近代私立大学董事会的研究进行概述,并对论文的核心概念和采用的研究方法做出阐述。第二部分探究中国近代大学在学习借鉴西方的基础上建立的董事会制度,研究私立大学董事会制度的发展历程,通过相关法律法规说明董事会的制度建设逐步发展完善。20世纪末到1912年中国出现了董事会制度的萌芽,1912年到1927年近代私立大学董事会制度得到进一步发展,私立复旦大学、厦门大学都建立了自己的董事会。1927年到1937年私立大学董事会制度进一步发展完善,政府规定国民开办私立大学必须设立董事会,各种法律法规的颁布使得董事会制度建设、人员组成、职能规定更加明确而完善。在对董事会制度进行历史梳理的基础上,概括董事会组织特征,分析董事会制度在近代私立大学中产生的历史条件。第三部分是个案研究,本文选取私立厦门大学和私立中华大学两所大学为个案进行研究,分析研究两所私立大学的董事会制度建立发展成熟并最终消亡的整个过程,通过会议记录、职权的行使来研究董事会制度在私立大学中的具体运行操作,探究董事会在学校发展的不同阶段促进大学发展的过程。通过个案研究剖析私立大学转为公立大学后董事会制度被取消的原因,对私立厦门大学的研究可以发现董事会筹集经费的重要性,对私立武昌大学的研究可以看出政府对私立大学的控制,为了私立大学的长远发展,董事会必须保持自己的相对独立性,争取办学自主权。第四部分在近代私立大学董事会制度对私立厦门、私立武昌大学的个案研究基础上进行总结,归纳私立大学董事会制度的优点和对当今民办高校董事会制度建设与改革的启示。加强民办高校与政府的联系的同时,竭力保持自身的独立性；设置正确的办学宗旨,秉承教育公益原则；划分明确的职责权限,行政部门各司其职；推举多样化的董事会成员；完善法律法规,建立校长、董事长互相监督机制。
[Abstract]:Chinese modern private university in the history of the development of modern higher education, plays an important role in modern China. The emergence of a number of successful private schools such as Fujian private university, Xiamen University, China University of Wuchang private university in turmoil. Of these, frequent wars, economic and social development level of the backward environment, with many cross culture the significance of talents for the country and the nation, and achieved remarkable development, which was closely related with the success of the management system of private university. Imported from the United States and the system of board of directors, the irreplaceable important role in the development of private universities in modern Chinese. The research Chinese modern private university board system has practical significance very important system construction and reform of the private university board.
This paper mainly adopts the literature method, case study method, the historical method of three kinds of research methods. Through the private Xiamen University, Chinese private university history data, Historical Monographs such as digging, the development of the private universities this thesis tries to the system of board of directors made a clear summary. The base of the historical investigation on the private university board of directors the system, summarized the reasons of private university board of inquiry, the board of directors system in private universities internal, and combining with the background of the development of the specific circumstances of the school board system was canceled from the original. The thesis is divided into four parts, the in-depth study and Discussion on the development perspective of the late nineteenth Century to the the 20 half of the modern private university board system.
The first part is the introduction. It analyzes the background and significance of the topic selection, summarizes the research on the board of directors in the modern private universities, and expounds the core concepts and the research methods.
The second part explores China in modern university to learn from the West on the basis of the establishment of the system of board of directors, the development of private university board system, the relevant laws and regulations system construction of the board of directors gradually developed.20 century to 1912 China emergence of the system of board of directors, from 1912 to 1927 the board of directors of modern private university the system of further development, the private Fudan University, Xiamen University has established its own board of directors.1927 to 1937 private university board system to further improve the development of national government regulations, establishing private universities must set up the board of directors, enacted various laws and regulations that the board of directors system construction, personnel composition, functions more clearly defined and perfect foundation of history. In the combing of the system of board of directors, the board of directors general organizational characteristics, analysis of the board of directors system in modern times The historical conditions in private universities.
The third part is the case study, this paper selects two private universities and private Zhonghua College Xiamen University as a case study, analysis of the two private university board system establishment process developed and eventually die, the record of the meeting, the specific operation of the board of directors to exercise the authority system in private universities in the process. Explore the different stages of the development of the school board to promote university development. Through the analysis of case study of private universities to public university board system was cancelled, to study the private Xiamen University can find the importance of the board of directors of research funding, private university in Wuchang, you can see that the government control of the private universities, in the long run the development of private universities, the board must maintain its relative independence, strive for autonomy in running schools.
The fourth part system of private Xiamen in the modern private university board, based on the case Wuchang university research summed up the advantages of private university board system in today's private university board system construction and reform. Strengthen the private universities and government relations at the same time, to maintain their independence; set the correct mission, uphold the public education authority principle; clear division of responsibilities, administrative departments perform their duties; diversification of elected members of the board of directors; perfecting laws and regulations, the establishment of the principal, chairman of mutual supervision mechanism.

【学位授予单位】：陕西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：G649.29

【参考文献】