美国临床实践型职前教师教育实习模式探究

发布时间：2018-02-16 05:55

本文关键词： 美国教师教育职前教师临床实践型教育实习　出处：《西南大学》2012年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：作为教师教育的重要组成部分,教育实习是教师教育坚持理论联系实际思想,所不可缺少的综合实践性课程,是理论-实践相联系的纽带,不仅会影响到职前教师在职业生涯中的职业态度及职业技能的形成,而且也在一定程度上影响将来教师的职业忠诚度。另外,教育实习质量的高低对师范教育的发展有着直接的影响。随着社会的发展,人们对教师专业化的要求不断升高,完善教育实习的模式,提高教育实习的质量,引起世界的关注,同时他们也对教育实习进行着一系列的改革。目前,理论与实践相脱节是我国教师教育领域存在的严重问题,以致培养的教师缺乏教学实践能力,应能力较差等现象,对我国教师质量的有效提高产生直接影响。借鉴国外职前教师教育实习的经验,将有助于对我国现行的教育实习进行反思,发现问题与不足,并寻求解决方案,完善我国教师教育实习体系。当今世界经济实力、综合国力之最的美国,历来高度重视其教师教育,并不断地推行一系列的改革。临床实践型教师教育是美国教师教育认证委员会蓝带小组提出的全新的教师教育理念,临床实践型教师教育的教育实习模式制定合理的目标、详细的评价标准,形成完善的保障机制等,探析此实习模式,既有助于反思我国教育实习的不足,又能够为我国职前教师教育实习制度的进一步完善,提供有益的启示。本文由六个部分组成：导论：主要介绍研究问题的提出,对“临床实践型”教师教育理念、“教育实习”等重要概念进行界定,梳理国内外已有的相关文献,并说明论文的研究思路及所采用的研究方法。第一部分：“临床实践型”教师教育理念的内涵,包括培养目标：培养并保留高效教师；课程设置：螺旋式课程；资格认证：师范生资格认证主体多样化；支持性伙伴关系：政府、大学和实习学校的合作；信息系统：教师教育信息库；第二部分：“临床实践型”职前教师教育实习模式的基本要素,即教育实习的目标：实习生实践性知识的生成；教育实习的内容；教育实习的评价等；第三部分：实习指导教师资格认证、支持性伙伴关系、教育实习地点的认证与选择、教育实习的网络支持方面介绍“临床实践型”职前教师教育实习模式的保障机制；第四部分：归纳总结了美国“临床实践型”职前教师教育实习模式的特点,并对其价值取向与发展因素进行全面、深入的分析；第五部分：结合美国临床实践型职前教师教育实习模式的有益经验,及我国职前教师教育实习改革之需,本部分从职前教师教育实习的教育实习目标、教育实习内容、教育实习基地认证标准、师范生教育实习的评定、实习指导教师资格认证、支持性伙伴关系六个维度为构建我国职前教师教育实习模式完善提出几点切实可行的建议
[Abstract]:As an important part of teacher education, teaching practice is an indispensable comprehensive practical curriculum for teachers' education to adhere to the theory and practice, which is the link between theory and practice. It will not only affect the pre-service teachers' career attitude and the formation of vocational skills, but also affect the future teachers' professional loyalty to some extent. The quality of educational practice has a direct impact on the development of normal education. With the development of society, the demands of teachers' specialization are constantly rising, the mode of educational practice is improved, the quality of educational practice is improved, and the world pays close attention to it. At the same time, they are also carrying out a series of reforms on educational practice. At present, the disconnection between theory and practice is a serious problem in the field of teacher education in China. It has direct influence on the effective improvement of teachers' quality in our country. Drawing lessons from the experience of foreign pre-service teachers' teaching practice will help us to reflect on the current teaching practice in our country, find out the problems and shortcomings, and seek solutions. The United States, which has the world economic strength and the most comprehensive national strength, has always attached great importance to its teacher education. Clinical practical teacher education is a new concept of teacher education put forward by the Blue Belt Group of American teacher Education Accreditation Committee, and the teaching practice model of clinical practical teacher education has set a reasonable goal. The detailed evaluation standard, the formation of perfect safeguard mechanism and so on, the exploration this practice pattern, not only helps to reflect our country education practice insufficiency, but also can provide the beneficial enlightenment for our country pre-service teacher education practice system further consummation. This paper consists of six parts:. Introduction: mainly introduces the research questions, defines the important concepts of "clinical practice type" teacher education, "educational practice" and so on, and combs the relevant literature at home and abroad. The research ideas and methods used in this paper are also explained. The first part: the connotation of "clinical practice type" teacher education concept, including the training goal: training and retaining efficient teachers, curriculum setting: spiral curriculum, qualification certification: the diversity of the subject of normal school student qualification certification; Supporting partnerships: cooperation between governments, universities and internship schools; information systems: teacher education information base; The second part: the basic elements of "clinical practice" pre-service teachers' educational practice model, that is, the goal of educational practice: the generation of practical knowledge of intern, the content of educational practice, the evaluation of educational practice, etc. The third part: certification of teaching qualification, supporting partnership, certification and selection of educational practice sites, network support of educational practice and the guarantee mechanism of "clinical practice" pre-service teachers' education practice mode. Part 4th: summed up the characteristics of the "clinical practice" pre-service teacher teaching practice model in the United States, and made a comprehensive and in-depth analysis of its value orientation and development factors; Part 5th: combining with the beneficial experience of American clinical practice pre-service teachers' teaching practice mode and the need of our country's pre-service teachers' teaching practice reform, this part starts with the teaching practice goal and content of pre-service teachers' teaching practice. The certification standard of educational practice base, the evaluation of normal school students' education practice, the qualification certification of practice guidance teachers, and the six dimensions of supporting sexual partnership are put forward some practical suggestions for the perfection of pre-service teachers' teaching practice mode in China.
【学位授予单位】：西南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：G652.4

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