20世纪英国宏观大学制度演变研究

发布时间：2018-03-04 11:50

本文选题：英国　切入点：宏观　出处：《湖南师范大学》2012年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：英国大学历史悠久,长期以来,大学都保持着中世纪以来的自治和自由教育传统,与不断变化发展的社会不相适应。20世纪以来,英国宏观大学制度不断发展演变,大学逐渐从社会的边缘走进社会的中心。在20世纪英国宏观大学制度演变的进程中,大学与政府、大学与产业界之间关系是如何变化的?政府是通过何种方式来干预调控大学的?社会产业界是如何介入大学,并与大学形成多样、成熟和稳定的联系?这些变化反映出了大学发展中哪些规律?我们又能出英国大学制度的发展演变中获得哪些经验启示?对这些问题的解答将构成本研究的主要内容。本研究主要采用文献研究法和历史分析法,首先对20世纪以来英国宏观大学制度的发展演变做一个整体的历史叙述,重点分析有重要意义的政府政策；其次对整个制度的发展演变过程进行审视、反思,揭示出整个演变进程背后体现的大学发展规律；最后进一步总结升华,得出英国宏观大学制度发展演变的经验启示。本研究认为,20世纪以来,英国政府代表国家整体利益需求和社会产业界的需要对大学进行干预,通过和大学及产业界共同组建高等教育中介组织、创建新型大学以及颁布教育改革法规等途径,逐步改变了大学与政府、大学与产业界之间的关系。大学从社会边缘的“象牙塔”,逐渐进入社会的中心,政府可以通过高等教育中介组织对大学进行有效的干预调控,大学也在政府的引导下积极为产业界服务,为其发展提供强有力的智力支持。这一进程就是宏观大学制度现代化或现代大学制度构建的过程。从20世纪英国宏观大学制度发展演变的进程中,我们可以得出四点经验启示：利用中介组织调控大学、市场化改革是推动大学与产业界合作的根本、创建新型大学系统以推动大学制度的现代化以及立法手段的运用。
[Abstract]:British universities have a long history. For a long time, universities have maintained the tradition of autonomy and free education since the Middle Ages. In 20th century, in the process of the evolution of British macro-university system, how did the relationship between university and government, university and industry change? How does the government intervene to regulate universities? How do social industries get involved in universities and form diverse, mature and stable links with universities? What laws do these changes reflect in the development of universities? What lessons can we gain from the evolution of the British university system? Answers to these questions will form the main content of this study. This research mainly uses the literature research method and the historical analysis method, first makes an overall historical narration to the British macroscopic university system development since 20th century, emphatically analyzes the important government policy; Secondly, it examines the development and evolution process of the whole system, reflects on the law of university development embodied in the whole evolution process, and finally summarizes the sublimation and draws the experience and enlightenment of the development and evolution of the British macro-university system. This study holds that since the 20th century, the British Government has intervened in universities on behalf of the overall interests of the country and the needs of social and industrial circles, and through the establishment of higher education intermediary organizations with universities and industry. The establishment of new universities and the promulgation of educational reform laws and regulations have gradually changed the relationship between universities and governments, universities and industry. Universities have gradually entered the center of society from the "ivory tower" on the margins of society. The government can effectively intervene and regulate universities through intermediary organizations of higher education, and universities, under the guidance of the government, actively serve the industry. This process is the process of the modernization of the macro-university system or the construction of the modern university system. We can draw four lessons: using intermediary organizations to regulate universities, market-oriented reform is the basis to promote the cooperation between universities and industry, to create a new university system to promote the modernization of the university system and the use of legislative means.
【学位授予单位】：湖南师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：G649.561

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