江西省女大学生就业问题的实证研究

发布时间：2018-05-06 20:09

本文选题：女大学生 + 就业　；参考：《江西农业大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：女大学生能否顺利就业,关系到高校的办学效益和社会声誉,也关系到社会的和谐和家庭的和睦。国家培养一个女大学生需要花费很大的成本和精力,她们自己也希望学有所成,可是严峻的就业形势让她们求职无门。近几年,女大学生的就业率一直低于男大学生,受到社会大众的关注。女大学生虽然对未来的工作充满希望,但是在求职过程中还是会碰壁。文章从男生与女生在择业意向与期望、就业过程与结果以及不同学历女大学生的对比来分析女大学生的就业情况,并从社会层面、家庭层面、学校层面、个人层面来解释导致女大学生就业过程出现问题的原因。受到传统观念的影响,以及女性生育哺乳期给劳动时间带来的断层,女大学生往往被企业拒之门外。企业为了追求利益最大化,总想把成本降到最低,于是为女大学生的就业门槛设置了很多隐性障碍。而社会在给予女大学生就业保障这块的政策并不完善。受高校培养模式限制,女大学生在专业对口率方面低于男大学生。高校毕业生就业信息“不对称”,导致用人单位招不到人,毕业生找不到工作。受女大学生自身条件的限制,在找工作方面遇到阻碍的心理承受能力差,有很大一部分女生选择考研以此推迟就业,近年来,女大学生的考研比率直高于男生,在一定程度上造成了“过度教育”,这些对找工作没有实质的帮助,导致很多女大学生“赢在考试,输在起跑线”。为了实现女性人力资本的最大化,笔者从四个方面提出了解决措施：首先,企业的支持。要配合国家提出的各项政策。其次,社会的职责。纠正传统观念,完善各种政策法规。第三,高校的作为。调整、改革和创新。最后,个人的回应。端正择业心态,优化心理素质。
[Abstract]:Whether female college students can obtain employment smoothly is related to the efficiency of running a school and the reputation of society, and also to the harmony of society and family. It takes a lot of cost and effort to train a female college student in the country, and they also want to learn something, but the severe employment situation makes it impossible for them to find a job. In recent years, the employment rate of female college students has been lower than that of male students. Although female college students are full of hope for their future job, they will still run into a wall in the process of seeking a job. This paper analyzes the employment situation of female college students from the angle of employment intention and expectation, employment process and result, and female college students with different academic qualifications, and analyzes the employment situation of female college students from the social level, family level and school level. Personal level to explain the causes of female college students employment process problems. Under the influence of the traditional idea and the fault of the labor time brought by the female reproductive and lactation period, the female college students are often shut out by the enterprise. In order to pursue the maximization of profits, enterprises always want to reduce the cost to the lowest, so they set up many hidden barriers for the female college students' employment threshold. However, the social policy of giving employment security to female college students is not perfect. Restricted by the training mode, female students are lower than male students in professional matching rate. The employment information of college graduates is "asymmetrical", resulting in employers unable to recruit people and graduates unable to find jobs. Restricted by the conditions of female college students, the psychological tolerance of the obstacles in finding a job is poor. A large proportion of female students choose to take part in postgraduate studies in order to delay their employment. In recent years, female college students have had a higher rate of taking part in postgraduate studies than men. To some extent, "overeducation", which does not actually help to find a job, resulting in many female college students "win in the exam, lose at the starting line." In order to maximize the female human capital, the author puts forward four solutions: first, the support of enterprises. It is necessary to tie in with the policies put forward by the state. Secondly, the responsibility of society. Correct traditional concepts and perfect various policies and regulations. Third, the action of colleges and universities. Adjustment, reform and innovation. Finally, a personal response. Correct the attitude of career selection, and optimize the psychological quality.
【学位授予单位】：江西农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：G647.38

【参考文献】