人力资本与社会资本对大学生就业质量的影响—专业差异的视角
发布时间：2018-08-18 07:48
【摘要】：大学生就业是涉及国家民生根本的重要议题。但是高校扩招、金融危机相继引发了大学生社会供需比例失衡，大学教育与社会需求的脱节进一步导致了大学生就业竞争力下降，在就业形势严峻的大背景下，“官二代”、“富二代”等事件引发了大学生就业“拼爹”还是“拼才”的网络大讨论。基于此，本研究尝试以华中科技大学2012届大学毕业生为调查对象，从专业差异的权变视角，以实证数据研究该校大学生人力资本与社会资本对就业质量的影响及其原因。 本文共分为六个章节：第一章为绪论，阐述了研究的背景、意义、目的及结构安排。第二章为文献回顾，对人力资本、社会资本及其对就业质量影响的相关文献进行了梳理。第三章为研究假设与理论模型，提出了研究的理论模型，并从人力资本、社会资本对就业质量的影响及专业差异的调节作用等三个方面提出了本文的研究假设。第四章为问卷设计与数据获取，阐述了包括调查问卷的设计流程、框架、修改、变量的测量等。第五章为数据分析与假设检验，阐述了数据分析的结论，通过对该校17个学院共计325名大学生的就业情况分析发现，在学校层级及学历背景相同的325名本科毕业生中：（1）大学生人力资本差异对就业质量无显著影响。（2）大学生基于家庭的社会资本对就业质量有正向的显著影响；基于学校的社会资本对就业质量没有正向显著影响。（3）大学生的社会资本比人力资本对就业质量有更显著的正相关。（4）专业供需比与大学生人力资本有交互作用，，在专业供需比越大的情况下，就业竞争越激烈，大学生人力资本显著正向影响其就业质量。（5）专业供需比对大学生基于家庭的社会资本与就业质量的关系没有调节作用，但显著加强了大学生基于学校的社会资本对就业质量的正向影响。（6）专业社会化程度对大学生人力资本及基于家庭的社会资本与就业质量的关系没有调节作用，但显著加强了大学生基于学校的社会资本对就业质量的正向影响。最后一章为总结与展望。总结了研究的结论，分析了研究的理论贡献和实践建议，并阐述了研究的不足和展望。
[Abstract]:The employment of college students is an important issue concerning the national livelihood. However, the expansion of university enrollment and the financial crisis have led to the imbalance of the social supply and demand ratio of college students one after another. The disconnection between university education and social demand has further led to a decline in the employment competitiveness of college students. Under the background of the severe employment situation, the "official and second generation" Events such as the second generation of wealth have led to an online debate about whether to fight for a father or a talent for college students' employment. Based on this, this study attempts to investigate the effects of human capital and social capital on the employment quality of the college students from the perspective of contingency of professional differences, taking the graduates of Huazhong University of Science and Technology (Huazhong University of Science and Technology) as the research objects, and the reasons for the impact of human and social capital on the quality of employment. This paper is divided into six chapters: the first chapter is an introduction, describing the background, significance, purpose and structure of the research. The second chapter reviews the literature on human capital, social capital and its impact on employment quality. The third chapter is the research hypothesis and theoretical model, and puts forward the research hypothesis from three aspects: human capital, the influence of social capital on employment quality and the adjustment of professional difference. The fourth chapter is questionnaire design and data acquisition, including the questionnaire design process, framework, modification, variables measurement and so on. The fifth chapter is the data analysis and hypothesis test, elaborated the conclusion of the data analysis, through the analysis of the employment situation of 325 college students in 17 colleges of this school. Among 325 undergraduate graduates with the same school level and educational background: (1) the difference of college students' human capital has no significant influence on the quality of employment; (2) the social capital based on family has a positive and significant effect on the quality of employment; Social capital based on school has no significant positive effect on employment quality. (3) Social capital of college students has more significant positive correlation with employment quality than human capital. (4) the ratio of supply and demand of major has interaction with human capital of college students. When the ratio of professional supply to demand is greater, the competition for employment is more intense, and the human capital of college students has a significant positive effect on the quality of employment. (5) the ratio of professional supply and demand has no regulating effect on the relationship between social capital and employment quality of college students based on family. But it significantly strengthened the positive influence of college students' social capital based on school on the quality of employment. (6) the degree of professional socialization has no regulative effect on the relationship between college students' human capital and family-based social capital and employment quality. But it strengthens the positive influence of college students'social capital based on school on the quality of employment. The last chapter is the summary and prospect. The conclusions of the study are summarized, the theoretical contributions and practical suggestions are analyzed, and the shortcomings and prospects of the research are expounded.
【学位授予单位】：华中科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：G647.38;F249.21;F224
本文编号：2188814
[Abstract]:The employment of college students is an important issue concerning the national livelihood. However, the expansion of university enrollment and the financial crisis have led to the imbalance of the social supply and demand ratio of college students one after another. The disconnection between university education and social demand has further led to a decline in the employment competitiveness of college students. Under the background of the severe employment situation, the "official and second generation" Events such as the second generation of wealth have led to an online debate about whether to fight for a father or a talent for college students' employment. Based on this, this study attempts to investigate the effects of human capital and social capital on the employment quality of the college students from the perspective of contingency of professional differences, taking the graduates of Huazhong University of Science and Technology (Huazhong University of Science and Technology) as the research objects, and the reasons for the impact of human and social capital on the quality of employment. This paper is divided into six chapters: the first chapter is an introduction, describing the background, significance, purpose and structure of the research. The second chapter reviews the literature on human capital, social capital and its impact on employment quality. The third chapter is the research hypothesis and theoretical model, and puts forward the research hypothesis from three aspects: human capital, the influence of social capital on employment quality and the adjustment of professional difference. The fourth chapter is questionnaire design and data acquisition, including the questionnaire design process, framework, modification, variables measurement and so on. The fifth chapter is the data analysis and hypothesis test, elaborated the conclusion of the data analysis, through the analysis of the employment situation of 325 college students in 17 colleges of this school. Among 325 undergraduate graduates with the same school level and educational background: (1) the difference of college students' human capital has no significant influence on the quality of employment; (2) the social capital based on family has a positive and significant effect on the quality of employment; Social capital based on school has no significant positive effect on employment quality. (3) Social capital of college students has more significant positive correlation with employment quality than human capital. (4) the ratio of supply and demand of major has interaction with human capital of college students. When the ratio of professional supply to demand is greater, the competition for employment is more intense, and the human capital of college students has a significant positive effect on the quality of employment. (5) the ratio of professional supply and demand has no regulating effect on the relationship between social capital and employment quality of college students based on family. But it significantly strengthened the positive influence of college students' social capital based on school on the quality of employment. (6) the degree of professional socialization has no regulative effect on the relationship between college students' human capital and family-based social capital and employment quality. But it strengthens the positive influence of college students'social capital based on school on the quality of employment. The last chapter is the summary and prospect. The conclusions of the study are summarized, the theoretical contributions and practical suggestions are analyzed, and the shortcomings and prospects of the research are expounded.
【学位授予单位】：华中科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：G647.38;F249.21;F224
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