家庭因素对大学生职业选择影响的质性研究
发布时间：2018-12-26 18:45
【摘要】：大学生处于青少年晚期，属于职业探索阶段的过渡期，其发展任务是在探索过程中发展职业定向，并形成具体的职业选择。大学生如何做出职业选择，关系到他们今后的职业发展和他们将会对国家做出的贡献。现有的职业发展理论主要以西方理论为主，与西方文化相比，中国社会文化更具有家族主义的倾向。在中国特殊的文化背景下，研究家庭因素对大学生的职业选择的影响具有重要的理论和现实意义。 本研究采用质性研究方法，对12名研究对象（其中大三、大四、研二、研三各3名，男生7名，女生5名）的成长、求学、求职等经历进行了尽可能详细的了解。并且在此基础上构建了扎根理论，分析和探讨家庭各因素，如家庭居住地、经济水平、学历背景等因素对访谈对象的生涯发展与选择的影响。通过对访谈资料的分析，得出以下结果： （1）家庭可以通过两个途径影响大学生的职业选择。一方面家庭可以通过影响求职结果直接影响大学生的职业选择，另外一方面，，家庭通过影响大学生的职业自我概念的形成，影响大学生的职业选择。大学生的职业选择与职业自我概念存在密切的关系，职业自我概念是大学生进行职业选择的基础，职业自我概念在职业发展与选择中得到进一步的发展与完善。 （2）大学生的职业自我概念由生理自我、生涯自我和关系自我三个成分构成。生理自我是个体外在的、可以直接观察到的表显特征，包括性别、外表和年龄；生涯自我包括个体的兴趣、能力和价值观；关系自我指个体职业选择过程中感受到的来自家庭的支持，包括情感支持和关系支持两个维度。 （3）家庭在大学生的职业自我概念形成与发展过程中发挥着重要作用。首先，家庭的遗传决定了个体的生理特征。其次，家庭居住地、经济水平、教育价值取向等对个体的兴趣开发、能力培养和价值观的形成起着关键作用。第三，家庭提供的关系支持对大学生的求职结果有着直接的影响。 （4）随着受教育水平的提高，接触的群体和事物的变化，家庭的影响会逐渐减弱，大学生的职业意识会逐渐明晰，并发展出新的职业自我概念。 大学生的职业选择并不仅仅受到家庭因素的影响，学生本人和学校也发挥着重要的作用。为了促使个体在生涯发展的各个阶段能够更好地完成发展任务，做出更贴近“人适其职”的选择，本研究最后对学生、家庭和学校分别提出了一些建议。
[Abstract]:College students are in the late stage of adolescence, which belongs to the transition period of career exploration, and its development task is to develop vocational orientation and form specific career choices in the process of exploration. How college students make career choices is related to their future career development and their contribution to the country. The existing theories of career development mainly focus on western theories. Compared with western culture, Chinese social culture has a tendency of familism. Under the special cultural background of China, it is of great theoretical and practical significance to study the influence of family factors on college students' career choice. In this study, 12 subjects (junior, senior, second and third, male 7, female 5) were studied in detail. Based on this theory, the author analyzes and discusses the influence of family factors, such as family residence, economic level, educational background and so on, on the career development and choice of the interviewees. The results are as follows: (1) families can influence college students' career choices through two ways. On the one hand, the family can directly affect the career choice of college students by influencing the job search results. On the other hand, the family can affect the career choice of college students by influencing the formation of professional self-concept of college students. There is a close relationship between college students' career choice and career self-concept, which is the basis of college students' career choice, and vocational self-concept has been further developed and perfected in the process of career development and choice. (2) the professional self concept of college students consists of physiological self, career self and relational self. The physical self is external and can be observed directly, including gender, appearance and age, while the career self includes the interests, abilities and values of the individual. Relationship self refers to the support from family in the process of individual career choice, which includes two dimensions: emotional support and relationship support. (3) Family plays an important role in the formation and development of professional self-concept of college students. First of all, the inheritance of the family determines the physiological characteristics of the individual. Secondly, family residence, economic level and educational value orientation play a key role in the development of individual interest, ability development and the formation of values. Third, the relationship support provided by family has a direct impact on college students'job search results. (4) with the improvement of education level and the changes of contact groups and things, the influence of family will be weakened gradually, the professional consciousness of college students will be gradually clarified, and a new professional self-concept will be developed. The career choice of college students is not only influenced by family factors, but also by students themselves and schools. In order to promote the individual to complete the development task better in each stage of his career development and make the choice closer to "the person is fit for his duty", this study finally puts forward some suggestions to the students, families and schools.
【学位授予单位】：华中科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：G647.38
本文编号：2392534
[Abstract]:College students are in the late stage of adolescence, which belongs to the transition period of career exploration, and its development task is to develop vocational orientation and form specific career choices in the process of exploration. How college students make career choices is related to their future career development and their contribution to the country. The existing theories of career development mainly focus on western theories. Compared with western culture, Chinese social culture has a tendency of familism. Under the special cultural background of China, it is of great theoretical and practical significance to study the influence of family factors on college students' career choice. In this study, 12 subjects (junior, senior, second and third, male 7, female 5) were studied in detail. Based on this theory, the author analyzes and discusses the influence of family factors, such as family residence, economic level, educational background and so on, on the career development and choice of the interviewees. The results are as follows: (1) families can influence college students' career choices through two ways. On the one hand, the family can directly affect the career choice of college students by influencing the job search results. On the other hand, the family can affect the career choice of college students by influencing the formation of professional self-concept of college students. There is a close relationship between college students' career choice and career self-concept, which is the basis of college students' career choice, and vocational self-concept has been further developed and perfected in the process of career development and choice. (2) the professional self concept of college students consists of physiological self, career self and relational self. The physical self is external and can be observed directly, including gender, appearance and age, while the career self includes the interests, abilities and values of the individual. Relationship self refers to the support from family in the process of individual career choice, which includes two dimensions: emotional support and relationship support. (3) Family plays an important role in the formation and development of professional self-concept of college students. First of all, the inheritance of the family determines the physiological characteristics of the individual. Secondly, family residence, economic level and educational value orientation play a key role in the development of individual interest, ability development and the formation of values. Third, the relationship support provided by family has a direct impact on college students'job search results. (4) with the improvement of education level and the changes of contact groups and things, the influence of family will be weakened gradually, the professional consciousness of college students will be gradually clarified, and a new professional self-concept will be developed. The career choice of college students is not only influenced by family factors, but also by students themselves and schools. In order to promote the individual to complete the development task better in each stage of his career development and make the choice closer to "the person is fit for his duty", this study finally puts forward some suggestions to the students, families and schools.
【学位授予单位】：华中科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：G647.38
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