大学收费政策运行中学生利益保障研究

发布时间：2018-12-27 07:55

【摘要】：在高等教育领域,大学收费问题一直是社会特别是家长和学生关注的焦点之一。大学从“免费”转向“收费”,不只是意味着大学收费政策的改变,同时也必然带来政策利益的重新调整和分配。这种利益的调整和分配关联到大学收费政策运行中的三个利益主体——政府、高校与学生,而我们重点关注的是学生利益的保障。应该看到,在大学收费政策的运行中,学生不是中世纪大学中的“学徒”,也不是政府包办大学时单纯的“建设者和接班人”,而是真真切切的教育消费者。作为消费者,学生必然会就政策提出自身的利益诉求与主张。不过,学生的利益诉求与主张在政策运行的实践中并不能得到很好的彰显,其原因在于：学生政策博弈能力的低下、维权意识的薄弱,以及政策执行的缺失和政策本身的某些不完善。而学生在政策运行中的利益诉求与主张遭到忽视,不仅会影响到学生的利益保障,也会制约到政策的顺利运行。要使大学收费政策合法、合理乃至合公平地运行,必然要重视学生的利益诉求,保障学生的正当利益,而这正是论文试图解决的主要问题。本论文在搜集相关政策文本和各种文献资料的基础上,采用了文献法、比较研究法、案例分析法以及利益分析的方法,对相关文本和资料进行了整理和分析,在吸取国内外相关的学生利益保障政策的基础上,分析解决我国大学收费政策运行中遭遇的难题。本研究不是从以往成本分担的角度分析政策本身,而是从利益研究的视角分析政策运行中的利益选择、利益冲突、利益失衡与均衡。从利益的视角出发来研究高等教育政策,有助于澄清大学收费政策运行过程中出现的一系列问题,深入把握大学收费政策的内涵,无论是在理论上还是实践上都是有创新意义的。论文围绕着大学收费政策运行中学生的利益保障这一核心问题,从四个部分展开论述。第一部分提出大学收费政策运行中学生的利益诉求,主要针对大学收费政策的变迁来分析大学收费政策运行中的利益分配与调整,第二部分是通过相关案例对大学生利益保障缺失的现状作出分析,主要从学生参与机制的缺失、表达渠道的缺失、选择空间的缺失以及监督机构的缺失四个方面来找出目前我国大学收费政策运行中的不足,第三部分是从目标性因素、结构性因素、执行性因素、功能性因素来解释收费政策利益主体的需求并指出学生利益缺失的原因,第四部分是从维护权利的角度对大学生在收费政策运行中的利益保障做出一些建议,包括从表达机制、听证机制、调整机制、反馈机制的完善来保障大学生的表达权、参与权、选择权和监督权。
[Abstract]:In the field of higher education, the issue of college fees has been one of the focuses of society, especially parents and students. The shift from "free" to "charging" means not only the change of university fee policy, but also the readjustment and distribution of policy benefits. The adjustment and distribution of this kind of interest is related to the three main bodies of interest in the operation of university fee policy: the government, universities and students, and we focus on the protection of students' interests. It should be seen that students are not "apprentices" in medieval universities or simply "builders and successors" when the government arranges universities, but genuine consumers of education. As consumers, students will inevitably put forward their own interests and claims on the policy. However, the interests of students and claims in the practice of the operation of the policy can not be well demonstrated, its reasons are: the low ability of the students' policy game, the weak awareness of rights, And the lack of policy implementation and the policy itself some imperfections. The interests of students in the operation of the policy are ignored, which will not only affect the interests of students, but also restrict the smooth operation of the policy. In order to make the university charging policy legal, reasonable and even fair, it is necessary to pay attention to the interests of students and protect the legitimate interests of students, which is the main problem that the paper tries to solve. On the basis of collecting relevant policy texts and all kinds of documents, this paper uses the methods of literature, comparative research, case analysis and interest analysis to sort out and analyze the relevant texts and materials. On the basis of absorbing the relevant student interest protection policies at home and abroad, this paper analyzes and solves the problems encountered in the operation of college tuition policy in China. This study is not to analyze the policy itself from the perspective of cost sharing in the past, but to analyze the choice of interests, conflicts of interests, imbalance and balance of interests in the operation of policies from the perspective of interest research. To study the policy of higher education from the angle of interest is helpful to clarify a series of problems in the course of the operation of the policy, and to grasp the connotation of the policy. Both in theory and in practice are innovative. This paper focuses on the core issue of the protection of the students' interests in the operation of the college fee policy, which is discussed in four parts. In the first part, the author puts forward the interest demands of the students in the operation of the college fee policy, and mainly analyzes the distribution and adjustment of the interest in the operation of the university fee policy in the light of the changes of the university fee policy. The second part is to analyze the current situation of the lack of interest protection of college students through relevant cases, mainly from the absence of student participation mechanism, the lack of channels of expression. The lack of choice space and the lack of supervision institutions to find out the current deficiencies in the operation of university fee policy. The third part is from the objective factor, structural factor, executive factor, the third part is from the target factor, the structural factor, the executive factor, the third part is from the target factor, the structural factor, the executive factor. Functional factors explain the demand of the subject of interest in charging policy and point out the reasons for the lack of interest of students. The fourth part is to make some suggestions on the protection of the interests of college students in the operation of the charging policy from the perspective of safeguarding rights, including the mechanism of expression. The perfection of hearing mechanism, adjusting mechanism and feedback mechanism ensures the right of expression, participation, choice and supervision of college students.
【学位授予单位】：湖南师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：G647.5

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