论职业农民的培育

发布时间：2018-06-14 07:39

本文选题：职业农民 + 培育　；参考：《西北农林科技大学》2009年硕士论文

【摘要】： 农民是建设新农村和发展现代农业的主体,职业农民是广大农民的优秀代表。农民的知识化、职业化是实现农业现代化的前提和条件。建设现代农业必须顺应分工分业的历史潮流。生产方式的深刻变革、科学技术的广泛运用、产业组织的发育壮大、市场竞争的日趋激烈,对提高农民的文化素质、技能水平和经营能力,提出了新的更高的要求。本论文依据马克思主义的人的全面发展理论和舒尔茨的人力资本理论,从选题上抓住新农村建设中培育职业农民这一社会热点问题,首次从理论与实践相结合、宏观与具体相比较的角度,以咸阳作为实证,对职业农民的培育问题进行了系统地分析与研究。全文共分六章。第一章导论。提出了选题的目的、意义、主要理论依据及研究方向,重点阐述了研究的人力资源开发背景、经济社会背景、体制改革背景。第二章对职业农民的内涵进行了界定。从多学科交叉研究的视角,创新性地分析、论述了职业农民的基本概念,并将职业农民与传统农民、新型农民和专业农民进行了对比分析。提出了所谓职业农民,就是农民在阶层分化消亡的过程中,那些自愿把从事农业生产经营作为一种职业,并具有一定职业素质和技能的农民。职业农民具有独立性、自主性、能动性、开放性和创造性等特点。接着,依据职业农民的内涵,提出了职业农民必须具备的基本素质:职业农民是观念新的农民,具有强烈的现代意识;职业农民是有目标的农民,具有较高的思想政治素质;职业农民是有知识的农民,具有较高的科学文化素质;职业农民是有道德的农民,具有较高的文明素质;职业农民是有组织的农民,具有较高的民主法制素质。第三章详细论述了培育职业农民的现实必要性,即培育职业农民是农村社会化大生产的内在要求;是发展现代农业的客观要求;是农村劳动力转移的必然要求;是农业科技进步的直接要求;是农村文明建设和社会进步的根本要求。第四章分析了影响培育职业农民的障碍因素:农民素质低是制约职业农民产生的基础因素;城乡二元结构是制约职业农民产生的体制障碍;农村职业教育发展滞后是制约职业农民产生的根本因素。第五章以咸阳市为例,对职业农民的培育进行了实证分析。指出了职业农民培育的基本思路是:坚持政府主导、统筹兼顾、强化基础、因地制宜四个原则,突出重点队伍、重点内容、重点培养群体三个重点,抓住培养、评价、激励、使用、服务、吸引六个环节。这一章是全文的重点。第六章详细探讨了培育职业农民的对策,一是转变态度,为培育职业农民提供思想保障;二是加大政府投入,为培育职业农民提供财力保障;三是改革体制机制,为培育职业农民提供制度保障;四是学习借鉴,为培育职业农民提供经验保障;五是创新农村职业教育体系,为培育职业农民提供教育保障。本研究的创新之处,一是界定了“职业农民”的内涵。指出:传统农民是社会学意义上的身份农民,它强调的是一种等级秩序,而职业农民则类似于经济学意义上的理性人,它是农业产业化乃至现代化过程中必然出现的一种新的职业类型;专业农民是依据行业工种、学历层次来划分农民,而职业农民是从农村经济、从业人员的客观实际和需要出发提出的,具有现实性;新型农民是有文化、懂技术、会经营的农民,而职业农民首先必须是新型农民,它比新型农民具有更高的素质要求。二是对职业农民进行了合理分类。为了全面了解职业农民队伍的发展现状,根据职业农民的基本特征,按照从业领域的不同,将职业农民分为生产型、经营型、能工巧匠型三大类八个方面,并设计了问卷调查表。
[Abstract]:Farmers are the main body of building new rural areas and developing modern agriculture. Professional farmers are excellent representatives of the vast majority of farmers. The knowledge and professionalization of farmers are the prerequisites and conditions for the realization of agricultural modernization. The construction of modern agriculture must conform to the historical trend of division of labor. The development and growth of the market and the increasingly fierce competition in the market have raised new and higher requirements for improving the cultural quality, skill level and management ability of the farmers.
This paper, based on the comprehensive development theory of Marx's people and the theory of Schultz's human capital, grasped the hot issue of cultivating professional farmers in the construction of the new countryside. It was the first time to combine the theory with practice and the angle of comparison between the macro and the concrete, and took Xianyang as an empirical study to carry out the cultivation of professional farmers. Systematic analysis and research. The full text is divided into six chapters. The first chapter is introduction. The purpose, significance, main theoretical basis and research direction of the topic are put forward. The background of the development of human resources, the economic and social background, the background of the reform of the system are expounded. The second chapter defines the internal culvert of the professional peasants. In the new analysis, the basic concepts of professional farmers are discussed, and the occupational farmers are compared with the traditional farmers, new farmers and professional farmers. The so-called professional farmers are the peasants who have voluntarily engaged in agricultural production and management as a profession in the process of stratum differentiation and extinction, and have a certain professional quality and a certain degree of professional quality. Skilled farmers. Professional farmers have the characteristics of independence, autonomy, initiative, openness and creativity. Then, according to the connotation of professional farmers, the basic qualities that professional farmers must have: the professional farmers are new concepts of farmers and have strong modern consciousness; professional farmers are the farmers with goals and have higher ideological and political affairs. The professional peasants are knowledgeable farmers and have higher scientific and cultural qualities; professional farmers are moral farmers and have high quality of civilization; professional farmers are organized farmers and have high democratic legal quality. The third chapter expounds the practical necessity of Cultivating Vocational farmers, namely, cultivating professional farmers is rural. The inherent requirement of the socialization of large production is the objective requirement for the development of modern agriculture; the inevitable requirement for the transfer of rural labor force; the direct requirement of the progress of agricultural science and technology; the fundamental requirement of the construction of rural civilization and the progress of the society. The fourth chapter analyses the obstacles that affect the cultivation of professional farmers: the low quality of the peasants is the restriction of the occupational farmers' production. The basic factor of birth; the two yuan structure in urban and rural is the institutional obstacle that restricts the occupational farmers; the lag of the development of rural vocational education is the fundamental factor restricting the production of professional farmers. The fifth chapter takes Xianyang as an example to make an empirical analysis of the cultivation of professional farmers. Taking into account the four principles of strengthening the foundation and adapting to local conditions, focusing on the key contingent, focusing on the key content, and cultivating the three key points of the group, we should seize the training, evaluation, incentive, use, service, and attract six links. This chapter is the focus of the full text. The sixth chapter discusses the Countermeasures for the cultivation of professional farmers in detail, one is to change the attitude and provide thought for the cultivation of professional farmers. Want to guarantee; two is to increase government investment, provide financial support for the cultivation of professional farmers; the three is to reform the system mechanism to provide institutional guarantee for the cultivation of professional farmers; four is to learn from the lessons to provide experience for the cultivation of professional farmers; five is the innovation of Rural Vocational education system, for the cultivation of vocational farmers to provide educational guarantee.
The innovation of this study is to define the connotation of "professional farmers". It is pointed out that the traditional farmers are the identity farmers in the sense of sociology, which emphasizes a kind of rank order, while the professional farmers are similar to the rational people in the economic sense. It is a new occupational category which is inevitable in the process of agricultural industrialization and even the modernization process. Professional farmers are based on industrial work and educational level to divide farmers, while professional farmers are put forward from the objective reality and needs of the rural economy and employees. The new farmers are culture, technology and farmers, while professional farmers must first be new farmers, which are higher than the new farmers. Quality requirements. Two is a reasonable classification of professional farmers. In order to fully understand the status of the development of the professional farmers, according to the basic characteristics of the professional farmers, according to the different fields of employment, the professional farmers are divided into three categories, production, management and skilled craftsmen, and the questionnaire is designed.
【学位授予单位】：西北农林科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2009
【分类号】：G725

【引证文献】