独生子女教育应有的理念

发布时间：2018-03-23 13:47

本文选题：独生子女　切入点：教育　出处：《内蒙古师范大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：教育是国家文明的基石,教育理念是教育的灵魂,也是指导我们实践行为的有效智慧。传统的教育理念是经典,是我们不能随意摒弃的基石。中国本来就是比较看重家庭的国家,随着大量独生子女的出现,家庭结构也在发生着巨大的变化。而在他们成长的过程中所暴露出的问题不单单是某个家庭问题,也演变成了一种社会现象。教育要想有效,理念必须更新。独生子女学理念作为独生子女教育的本质特征的体现,蕴含着独生子女发展的核心思想,体现着独生子女的价值追求和终极关怀。不管采取什么样的教育方法,都必须先找到一个尺度,寻找其适中点。我在深刻理解众多教育家教育的基础上,提出了独生子女应有的五个理念,即兼顾“独”“群”,并施“严”“爱”、引导“自我教育”,培养“独立性”,渐进“社会化”。兼顾“独”“群”：独生子女的教育如何将“主体性、自主性、个性、独立人格”的教育思想与集体主义教育思想完美结合,我们首先就需要寻找一个理论的结合点用以指导我们去摸索有效可行的实践。那就是要让孩子们在集体教育中塑造出他们的独特个性。并施“严”“爱”：“不成规矩无以成方圆”,中国多少年的教育思想影响至今,因此中国传统的家庭教育就是对孩子要严格以待。独生子女的出现打破了这一传统的教育氛围,父母对孩子的溺爱所引起的负面影响相当严重。因此,“严而不苛、爱而不宠,在适度中健康成长”是我们必须把握的教育理念。引导“自我教育”：孟轲强调德性涵养要依靠“自得”,他说：“君子深造之以道,欲其自得之也。自得之,则居之安；居之安,则资之深；资之深,则取之左右逢其源。故君子欲其自得之也。”教育同自我教育是统一的过程;自我教育在一定意义上来说是教育的结果,又是进一步教育的条件或内部动力。因此在教育过程中要充分发挥受教育者自我教育的主体作用。让他们不仅主动自我思考,还要自觉自我践行最终在内省中自我实现。培养“独立性”：独立是一个人成长的必备条件,幼儿在独立的基础上创造能力才会不断发展。独生子女的出现,使得中国的家庭结构发生了很大的变化,因此不论是从生活的角度还是心理的自理能力肯定会发生一定的变化。然而不论社会如何发生变化,我们都要始终坚持让孩子们生活上自理、心理上断乳,在生活中成熟自立的原则,这样才能为孩子的生存奠定坚实的基础。渐进“社会化”：独生子女的成长必须通过社会化途径学习来掌握社会文化知识和规范。随着社会变化的不断复杂和技术革命的不断进步,独生子女社会化的时间正在延长。如何让他们适应激烈的社会竞争并最终成为国家建设的主力军,这就需要长辈言传身教、同辈互动共鸣,让他们利用健康交往这一有效途径迅速的长大成人。
[Abstract]:Education is the cornerstone of national civilization, the concept of education is the soul of education, but also the effective wisdom to guide our practical behavior. It's a cornerstone we can't abandon at will. China is a country that values families, and with the emergence of a large number of only children, The family structure is also changing dramatically, and the problems that have emerged as they grow up are not just a family problem, but also a social phenomenon. If education is to be effective, The concept of one-child education, as the embodiment of the essential characteristics of the only child education, contains the core thought of the development of the only child, and embodies the value pursuit and ultimate concern of the only child. I have to first find a yardstick and find a moderate point. On the basis of a profound understanding of the education of many educationalists, I have put forward five ideas for an only child. That is, to give consideration to "independence" and "group", to apply "strictness" and "love", to guide "self-education", to cultivate "independence" and to gradually "socialize". How to combine the educational thought of "subjectivity, autonomy, individuality and independent personality" with the educational thought of collectivism? The first thing we need to do is to find a point of convergence of theories that can guide us to find out what works, and that is to let children develop their unique personality in collective education. And "strict" and "love": "No rules and no rules to become a circle," how many years of educational thought in China has influenced so far, so Chinese traditional family education is to be strict with children. The appearance of only child broke this traditional educational atmosphere. The negative influence caused by parents' doting on their children is quite serious. Therefore, "strict but not harsh, love but not favour, healthy growth in moderation" is the educational idea we must grasp. To guide "self-education": Meng Ke stressed that the cultivation of virtue should rely on "self-interest". He said: "A gentleman who studies further in order to have his own way, wants to be satisfied with it. If he is satisfied with it, he will live in peace; if he is in his own right, he will have the depth of the capital; and the depth of the capital will be the depth of the capital." "Education and self-education are a unified process; in a certain sense, self-education is the result of education," he said. Therefore, in the process of education, we should give full play to the main role of the educatee's self-education, and let them not only think on their own initiative, but also consciously practice themselves and finally realize themselves in introspection. Cultivating "independence": independence is a necessary condition for a person to grow up. The ability of creating children on the basis of independence will continue to develop. The emergence of the only child has greatly changed the family structure in China. So whether it's from the point of view of life or the ability to take care of ourselves, there will definitely be some changes. But no matter how society changes, we must always insist on letting our children take care of themselves and break their milk psychologically. In life, the principle of maturity and independence, so as to lay a solid foundation for the survival of children. Gradual "socialization": only children must learn through socialization to master social and cultural knowledge and norms. With the constant complexity of social changes and the continuous progress of technological revolution, The socialization of only children is being extended. How to make them adapt to the fierce social competition and eventually become the main force of national construction, this requires the elders to teach, peer interaction resonance, Let them take advantage of healthy communication as an effective way to grow up quickly.
【学位授予单位】：内蒙古师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：G40-02

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