组织策略对学前儿童和大学生协作抑制的影响

发布时间：2018-04-01 08:08

本文选题：协作抑制　切入点：组织策略　出处：《中国临床心理学杂志》2013年06期

【摘要】：目的:采用经典的协作抑制研究范式,通过控制小组内部组织策略的相同与否,比较分析4岁、5岁学前儿童和大学生在协作提取任务中的表现及差异。方法:实验1从天津市某幼儿园选取160名4岁和160名5岁学前儿童,采用2×2×2的三因素被试间设计,分别考察4岁、5岁儿童在有无组织策略指导的条件下,小组在协作提取任务上的表现。实验2从天津某大学选取160名本科生,采用2×2的被试间设计,考察在相同和不同组织策略条件下,其协作提取任务的表现。结果:在4岁儿童组,无论是否有指导,儿童在协作提取过程中均出现协作抑制,而在5岁儿童组,当儿童以给定的相同的组织策略进行编码后,协作抑制现象消失;大学生被试在相同组织策略的条件下,协作组的组织策略破坏程度大,协作抑制出现;而在不同组织策略条件下,协作组的组织策略破坏程度小,协作抑制消失。结论:提取策略破坏机制不能完全解释不同年龄被试的协作抑制现象,大学生的协作抑制由提取策略破坏导致,而学前儿童在不存在提取策略破坏的条件下仍出现协作抑制。提取策略破坏不是协作抑制的唯一解释。
[Abstract]:Aim: to compare and analyze the performance and difference between 4 and 5 year old preschool children and college students in the task of cooperative extraction by using the classical cooperative inhibition paradigm and the same or not organizational strategies within the control group.Methods: in experiment 1, 160 children aged 4 years old and 160 children aged 5 years old were selected from a kindergarten in Tianjin, and were designed with 3 factors of 2 脳 2 脳 2 to investigate whether the children aged 4 years old or 5 years old were guided by organizational strategy.The team's performance on collaborative extraction tasks.In experiment 2, 160 undergraduates from a university in Tianjin were selected and designed with 2 脳 2 to investigate the performance of the task of collaborative extraction under the same and different organizational strategies.Results: in the 4-year-old children group, there was cooperative inhibition in the process of cooperative extraction, regardless of the guidance, while in the 5-year-old group, the cooperative inhibition disappeared when the children were coded with the same organizational strategy.Under the condition of the same organizational strategy, the degree of organizational strategy destruction of the cooperative group was great, and the cooperative inhibition appeared, while under the different organizational strategy conditions, the organizational strategy destruction degree of the cooperative group was small, and the cooperative inhibition disappeared.Conclusion: the mechanism of extraction strategy destruction can not fully explain the phenomenon of collaborative inhibition in subjects of different ages. The cooperative inhibition of college students is caused by the destruction of extraction strategies, but there is still cooperative inhibition in preschool children without the existence of the destruction of extraction strategies.Extraction strategy destruction is not the only explanation for collaborative suppression.
【作者单位】：天津师范大学教育科学学院;天津师范大学心理与行为研究院;中国科学院心理研究所;
【基金】：教育部人文社科研究基金(11YJA190015) 第41批留学回国人员科研启动基金天津市十二五教育科学规划重点课题(CE2016) 全国教育科学规划教育部重点课题(GOA107011)项目资助
【分类号】：G444

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