高中生自尊、心理弹性和应对方式的相关研究

发布时间：2018-08-14 10:16

【摘要】：自尊是个体对自己整体的认知，是个体对自我价值的一种态度和评价，它是青少年自我发展中一个非常重要的方面，对个体心理的健康发展具有重要的意义。心理弹性是个体的一种特质或能力，是个体对于逆境和危机的正向适应过程，使个体能够灵活的适应多变的内外环境。应对方式是个体社会适应能力的反映，是个体面对压力时采用的认知和行为方式。本文主要研究高中生的自尊、心理弹性和应对方式的相关关系。以山西省晋城市和长治市的几所中学的621名高中生为研究对象。采用文献资料法和问卷调查法，探讨高中生的自尊、心理弹性和应对方式的现状及其关系，得出以下结论：高中生的自尊水平在不同性别上差异显著，，男生的自尊水平显著高于女生的自尊水平；在不同年级上差异显著，自尊水平由低到高排序依次为，高二高三高一；在是否班干部上差异显著，班干部的自尊高于非班干部的自尊。心理弹性在家庭结构上差异显著，非离异家庭的高中生心理弹性水平高于离异家庭的高中生心理弹性水平。个人力在年级上差异显著；在是否班干部上差异较为显著，班干部的个人力大于非班干部的个人力；在家庭结构上差异较为显著，表现为非离异家庭高中生的个人力大于离异家庭高中生的个人力。支持力在性别上差异显著，女生的支持力显著高于男生；在家庭结构上差异显著，非离异家庭高中生的支持力高于离异家庭高中生的支持力。成熟型应对方式在年级上差异显著，高一的成熟型应对方式大于高二；在是否班干部上差异显著，班干部的成熟型应对方式显著高于非班干部的成熟型应对方式。不成熟型应对方式在年级上差异较为显著，高二年级的不成熟型应对方式大于高一；在家庭结构上差异显著，离异家庭的不成熟型应对方式大于非离异家庭的不成熟型应对方式。混合型应对方式在性别上差异显著，男生的混合型应对方式大于女生；在家庭结构上差异显著，离异家庭的混合型应对方式大于非离异家庭的混合型应对方式。自尊与心理弹性及其各因子之间呈显著的正相关；自尊与成熟型应对方式存在显著正相关；自尊与不成熟型应对方式存在显著负相关；自尊与混合型应对方式存在负相关；心理弹性及其各因子与成熟型应对方式之间存在正相关；心理弹性及其各因子与不成熟型应对方式之间存在负相关；心理弹性及其各因子与混合型应对方式之间存在负相关。高中生的自尊和心理弹性均对应对方式有预测作用，且其与成熟型应对方式有正向预测作用，对不成熟型应对方式和混合型应对方式起负向预测作用。高中生的心理弹性在自尊和应对方式间起着部分中介作用，即自尊既可以直接影响应对方式，也可以通过心理弹性间接的影响应对方式。根据研究结论，本文提出了一些建议，希望能够帮助高中生发展好的应对方式，提高心理健康水平，使他们更加健康的成长。
[Abstract]:Self-esteem is an individual's cognition of oneself as a whole, an attitude and evaluation of one's self-worth. It is a very important aspect in the self-development of adolescents and is of great significance to the healthy development of individual psychology. Coping style is the reflection of individual's social adaptability and the cognitive and behavioral style that individuals adopt when facing pressure.
This paper mainly studies the relationship among self-esteem, resilience and coping style of senior high school students. 621 senior high school students in Jincheng and Changzhi City of Shanxi Province were selected as the research objects.
The self-esteem level of senior high school students is significantly different in different gender, boys'self-esteem level is significantly higher than girls' self-esteem level; there is a significant difference in different grades, the ranking of self-esteem level is from low to high, senior two high three high one; there is a significant difference in whether class cadres, class cadres'self-esteem is higher than non-class cadres' self-esteem.
There is a significant difference in the family structure in the resilience of high school students from Non-divorced families, and the resilience of high school students from Non-divorced families is higher than that of high school students from divorced families. Significant differences were found between sexes, girls and boys, and in family structure, Non-divorced high school students'support ability was higher than that of divorced high school students.
Mature coping style has significant difference in grade, mature coping style in grade one is greater than that in grade two; significant difference in class cadres, mature coping style in class cadres is significantly higher than that in non-class cadres. There were significant differences in family structure, immature coping styles in divorced families were greater than immature coping styles in Non-divorced families. Mixed coping styles in non divorced families.
There was a significant positive correlation between self-esteem and resilience and its various factors; there was a significant positive correlation between self-esteem and mature coping styles; there was a significant negative correlation between self-esteem and immature coping styles; there was a negative correlation between self-esteem and mixed coping styles; there was a positive correlation between resilience and its various factors and mature coping styles. Psychological resilience and its various factors are negatively correlated with immature coping styles. Psychological resilience and its various factors are negatively correlated with mixed coping styles. Psychological resilience plays a part of mediating role between self-esteem and coping style, that is, self-esteem can not only directly affect coping style, but also indirectly affect coping style through psychological resilience.
According to the conclusion of the study, this paper puts forward some suggestions, hoping to help senior high school students develop good coping styles, improve their mental health and make them grow healthier.
【学位授予单位】：河北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：G635.5;G444

【参考文献】