中小学教师心理问题及其调适研究

发布时间：2018-09-10 16:39

【摘要】：“百年大计，教育为本”；“教育大计，教师为本”。关注中小学教师的心理问题，就是关注基础教育；关注基础教育，就是关注国家的未来。近些年来，一些教育科研机构和心理健康教育课题组对中小学教师的心理健康水平进行了调查、检测。检测结果发现，中小学教师心理问题的检出率高达50%以上，其中，有10%以上的教师存在中度心理障碍，有2%左右的教师有心理疾病。教师的心理健康与否，直接影响着学生。因此，推动素质教育深入发展，必须重视并解决教师的心理问题。本文采用了文献法与调查法相结合的研究方法，研究中小学教师心理问题及其调适的策略。首先是研究中小学教师心理问题及其调适的相关文献，掌握中小学教师心理问题及其调适的基本理论和前人的研究基础。国内外所涉及的基本理论有：精神分析学理论；行为主义学理论；认知人格理论；人本主义心理学理论；理性情绪理论；的研究基础有：教师心理适应不良的研究；教师职业倦怠的研究；教师工作倦怠成因的相关研究；教师心理健康教育的研究；教师工作压力及其相关研究等。为了掌握中小学教师心理问题及其调适的第一手资料，，我对湖南省14市区52所中学63所小学共115所学校约600名中小学教师的心理健康问题状况行深入的调查研究。以此为样本了解到目前中小学教师心理健康水平：总体状况一般但不容乐观。中小学境等5个领域以及总体健康状况和心理健康、自评总体心理健康方面存在明显的差异。笔者综合文献分析与问卷调查，得出的研究结论是：教师心理问题表现为教师职堪忧，究其原因，有来自教师自身方面的因素，有来自教师职业方面的因素，也有来（教师）为本是中小学教师心理的调适最基本境，关注教师心理健康；教师本身要树立正确的自我概念，正确认识自己，客观评价自己，合理要求自己，悦纳自己的优点和缺点；由己及人，能够客观地评价别人，接纳并理解别人的错误和缺点；对世事处之泰然，心态平和；教师要增强心理保健意识，掌握一些常用心理调适方法；教师要不断接受继续教育，在学习中升华自己。
[Abstract]:A hundred-year plan is based on education; a great plan of education is based on teachers. To pay attention to the psychological problems of primary and secondary school teachers is to pay attention to basic education, and to concern about basic education is to pay attention to the future of the country. In recent years, some educational research institutions and mental health education research groups have investigated and tested the mental health level of primary and secondary school teachers. The results showed that the detection rate of psychological problems of primary and middle school teachers was more than 50%, among which, more than 10% teachers had moderate mental disorders, and about 2% teachers had psychological diseases. The teacher's mental health or not directly affects the students. Therefore, to promote the development of quality education, we must pay attention to and solve the psychological problems of teachers. This paper studies the psychological problems of primary and middle school teachers and their adjustment strategies by combining the literature method with the investigation method. The first part is to study the psychological problems of primary and secondary school teachers and their adjustment literature, master the basic theory of teachers' psychological problems and their adjustment and the basis of previous research. The basic theories involved at home and abroad are: psychoanalysis theory; behaviorism theory; cognitive personality theory; humanism psychology theory; rational emotion theory; Research on teachers' job burnout; related research on the causes of teachers' job burnout; research on teachers' mental health education; teachers' job stress and its related research. In order to grasp the primary and secondary school teachers' psychological problems and their adjustment, I have made an in-depth investigation and study on the mental health problems of some 600 primary and middle school teachers in 52 middle schools and 63 primary schools in 14 urban areas of Hunan Province. Take this as the sample to understand the present primary and secondary school teacher's mental health level: the overall situation is general but not optimistic. There were significant differences in 5 fields, such as the environment of primary and secondary schools, the overall health status and mental health, and the self-assessment of the overall mental health. The author synthesizes the literature analysis and the questionnaire survey, obtains the research conclusion: the teacher psychology question manifests for the teacher profession worry, investigates its reason, has the factor which comes from the teacher's own aspect, has the teacher profession aspect factor, has the teacher profession aspect factor, There are also (teachers) who are based on the most basic conditions for the adjustment of the teachers' psychology in primary and secondary schools, and pay attention to the mental health of the teachers; teachers themselves should set up correct self-concept, correctly understand themselves, objectively evaluate themselves, and reasonably demand themselves. Accept your own strengths and weaknesses; be able to evaluate others objectively, accept and understand others' mistakes and shortcomings; be calm and calm about the world; and enhance your awareness of mental health care. Master some common psychological adjustment methods; teachers should continue to receive education and sublimate themselves in their study.
【学位授予单位】：湖南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：G443

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