人教版小学语文教材儿童本位弱化研究

发布时间：2018-01-20 20:34

本文关键词： 儿童本位儿童本位弱化小学语文教材　出处：《陕西师范大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：民国时期的教材《开明国语课本》的热卖引起了大家对于小学语文教材的关注,随之而来的是人们对现行人教版小学语文教材的批判。纵观这些批判和质疑的声音,以及对《开明国语课本》和人教版教材的对比,笔者发现人教版小学语文教材的部分篇目存在着儿童本位弱化的现象。儿童本位最初脱胎于洛克的教育见解,后随着卢梭、杜威等人的发展,再经过周作人、鲁迅等人在中国本土的实地宣传和弘扬,被越来越多的人接受。儿童本位,就是以儿童作为教育的中心和起点,使关乎教育的各个因素都紧紧围绕儿童来组织和开展,一切为了儿童的良好发展。2001年的新课改,再次确定了以儿童本位的指导地位。新课程的核心就是尊重儿童、关心儿童、理解儿童,以儿童为本位的教育不再是少数人的口号,而是作为一个教育核心确立下来。儿童本位,意味着成人不能将儿童看成是没有自主能力的、在各方面较成人更低能的小版成人。相反,成人需要以新的眼光和思维来看待儿童这一个体,要从真正意义上尊重儿童,尊重他们的思维、想象力、创造力,以及任何不同于成人的地方。他们并不是成人想要随意塑造的模具,而是有着自己的天性和禀赋的生命个体。成人唯一能做的,就是给他们提供完善的生存和生长条件,尊重他们的、爱护和呵护他们,让他们得以自然地、完满地成长。儿童本位对教育的观照体现在对儿童主体地位的尊重、儿童视角和儿童趣味的遵从、儿童自由的保护三方面。儿童本位在教育中的贯彻离不开学校,学校开展教育的阵地是课堂,我们的课本则是彰显儿童本位这一教育思想的最直接、最有效的教育媒介。因此,笔者认为有必要对现行小学语文教材进行儿童本位的研究。本论文分为绪论和主体部分,绪论绪论包括问题的提出、研究综述、意义、思路和方法,主体部分首先进行了儿童本位论的理论阐释,然后以此为切入点,通过研究人教版小学语文教材一二年级共四册课文,对其中的有儿童本位弱化的选文进行儿童主体性、儿童趣味、儿童自由三方面的分析,引发人们关于基于儿童本位教材选文的相关思考。
[Abstract]:During the period of the Republic of China, the popularity of textbooks "enlightened mandarin textbooks" has aroused people's concern for the primary school Chinese teaching materials. Followed by people's criticism of the current version of primary school Chinese teaching materials. Throughout the criticism and doubt of these voices, as well as the "enlightened Mandarin textbook" and the version of the comparison between the people. The author found that there is a phenomenon of the weakening of children's standard in part of the Chinese teaching materials of the people's Education Edition. The children's standard was born out of Locke's educational opinion at first, and then with the development of Rousseau, Dewey and so on, it passed through Zhou Zuoren. Lu Xun and other people in China's field propaganda and promotion, more and more people accept the child-oriented, is to take children as the center and starting point of education. So that all factors related to education are closely organized and carried out around children, all for the good development of children. In 2001, the new curriculum reform. The core of the new curriculum is to respect children, care for children, understand children, child-centered education is no longer a minority slogan. Instead, it was established as a core of education. The child-centered approach meant that adults could not see children as less autonomous, in all respects less capable than adults. On the contrary. Adults need to look at this individual with new vision and thinking, respect children in a true sense, respect their thinking, imagination, creativity. And anywhere different from adults. They are not molds that adults want to shape at will, but individuals with their own natures and endowments. The only thing adults can do. Is to provide them with perfect living and growth conditions, respect their, love and care for them, so that they can naturally. The child-centered view of education is embodied in the respect for the child's subjective status, the respect for the child's perspective and the observance of the child's interest. The implementation of child-centered education can not be separated from the school, the school educational position is the classroom, our textbook is the most direct way to highlight the child-centered educational thought. The most effective medium of education. Therefore, the author thinks that it is necessary to do a child-centered study on the current primary school Chinese teaching materials. This paper is divided into the introduction and the main part. The introduction includes the questions raised, research summary. Meaning, thinking and methods, the main part of the theoretical interpretation of the child-centered theory, and then as a starting point, through the study of primary school Chinese teaching materials of the first and second grade of four texts. Through the analysis of children's subjectivity, children's interest and children's freedom, this paper makes people think about the selection of materials based on children's standard.
【学位授予单位】：陕西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：G623.2

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