基于3D打印培养小学生创造性思维的教学设计研究

发布时间：2018-02-04 21:31

本文关键词： 3D打印技术创造性思维教学设计　出处：《山东师范大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：国家实施了创新驱动发展“三步走”战略,明确到2050年建成世界科技创新强国,技术创新和人才的培养成为计划顺利实施的重要保障。届时,社会各行各业会加大创新型人才的需求。这就需要教育源源不断地为社会输送具有创造性思维的高精尖人才。当今教育和技术朝着相互渗透的方向发展,利用科学技术不断革新教学内容和方法已成为大势所趋。3D打印技术在历经三十年的摸索与实践后,无论在技术、适用性,还是应用材料的选择性上都日臻完善,这项新技术集设计和制作于一身,用来培养学生的创造性思维有着得天独厚的优势。本研究从培养学生创造性思维的角度出发,选用3D打印技术作为教学手段,分别采用文献研究法,案例分析法,行动研究等方法,探索3D打印在教学应用中的有效途径。基于研究分析,3D打印课程在培养学生创造性思维方面有着很大的优势,但是目前许多学校还达不到开发3D打印课程的条件。于是本文探索了将3D打印和学科教学相结合的模式,以具有代表性的小学《科学》为例,进行了具体的教学设计和实施。恰当的使用3D打印机将达到意想不到的教学效果:第一,优化教学手段,寓教于乐,加深学生对知识的理解和学习。第二,有助于课程设计、制作类活动的实施,培养学生的动手制作能力。第三,开启DIY的教学时代,满足个性化需求,培养学生的创造性思维,提高整体素养,为进一步发展打下基础。本篇论文研究主要内容如下:第一,本文通过对大量中外文献的梳理归纳,介绍3D打印技术原理,着重分析3D打印在基础教育领域的发展现状。第二,研究目前我国培养小学生创造性思维的劣势与不足之处,分析培养创造性思维的方法。总结3D打印技术在小学教学中的运用方向和作用,及其小学科学课程在培养学生创造性思维方面起到的作用等。第三,对基于设计学习的BT模型进行了研究,分析BT模型的成功教学案例,结合3D打印的特点,在BT模型的基础上设计出一个适合培养小学生创造性思维的教学设计框架。第四,以3D打印小学五年级科学课第一单元“沉和浮”中第四小节《造一艘小船》为例进行教学设计,选用BT模型设计教学过程,并组织实施教学,对教学中存在的问题进行了反思。
[Abstract]:The state has implemented the "three-step" strategy of innovation-driven development, and has made it clear that by 2050 it will be a powerful country in science and technology innovation in the world, and technological innovation and the training of talents will become important guarantees for the smooth implementation of the plan. All kinds of industries will increase the demand for innovative talents. This requires education to continuously transport creative thinking talents. Nowadays, education and technology are developing in the direction of mutual penetration. The use of science and technology to constantly innovate teaching content and methods has become the general trend. 3D printing technology after 30 years of exploration and practice, no matter in technology, applicability. Or the selectivity of the application of materials are improving, this new technology is designed and made in one. In order to cultivate students' creative thinking, this study chooses 3D printing technology as the teaching means, and adopts the literature research method from the point of view of cultivating students' creative thinking. Case analysis, action research and other methods to explore the effective way of 3D printing in teaching application. Based on research and analysis, 3D printing course has great advantages in cultivating students' creative thinking. But at present, many schools still can not meet the conditions of developing 3D printing curriculum. So this paper explores the combination of 3D printing and subject teaching, taking the representative primary school "Science" as an example. Appropriate use of 3D printer will achieve unexpected teaching results: first, optimize teaching means, teaching in fun, deepen students' understanding and learning of knowledge. It is helpful to the implementation of curriculum design and production activities, and to cultivate students' hands-on production ability. Third, to open the teaching era of DIY, to meet the needs of individuation, to cultivate students' creative thinking, and to improve their overall literacy. In order to lay a foundation for further development. The main contents of this paper are as follows: first, this paper introduces the principle of 3D printing technology by combing and summarizing a large number of Chinese and foreign literature. Focus on the analysis of the development of 3D printing in the field of basic education. Second, the study of the current primary school students creative thinking weaknesses and shortcomings. This paper analyzes the methods of cultivating creative thinking, summarizes the application direction and function of 3D printing technology in primary school teaching, and the role of primary school science curriculum in cultivating students' creative thinking. Third. The BT model based on design learning is studied, the successful teaching cases of BT model are analyzed, and the characteristics of 3D printing are combined. On the basis of BT model, the author designs a teaching design framework suitable for the cultivation of pupils' creative thinking. 4th. Taking the 4th section of "Building a boat" in the first unit of "sinking and floating", the fifth grade science course of primary school, as an example, the teaching process of BT model design is selected and the teaching process is organized and implemented. This paper reflects on the problems existing in teaching.
【学位授予单位】：山东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G623.6

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