基于PTD框架的小学ScratchJr教学设计与实践

发布时间：2018-03-10 16:24

本文选题：PTD框架　切入点：ScratchJr　出处：《上海师范大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：当今移动市场飞速发展,物联网极速兴起,计算机已经渗透了大众生活的各个层面。这意味着,计算机技术成了每个人都需要了解和学习的技能。那么此时,编程会是一个很好的切入点。而编程技术的学习,当然要从孩子开始,在学习计算机技术的过程中,不仅仅是学习编程这一项技能,更为重要的是在编程学习的同时培养学生的各种能力和品质。所以笔者以Marin教授的“积极的技术发展”(Positive Technological Development,简称PTD)框架为依据,以及Marin教授与麻省理工学院共同开发的ScratchJr图形化编程软件为平台,进行小学编程入门课程的设计与实践。选定课题题目为《基于PTD框架的小学ScratchJr教学设计与实践》,目的是将少儿编程教育从美国教学方式本土化,以简单有趣的方式通过编程入门教学促进学生6C品质的培养与提升,同时总结基于PTD框架的小学ScratchJr教学设计与实践的教学策略。本文主要分为七个章节:第一章:绪论。主要阐述所选课题来源、研究内容和目的以及研究方法。第二章:文献综述。首先,对PTD框架和ScratchJr图形化编程软件做出具体的阐释;其次,查阅大量资料进行分析,并对一些小学一线ScratchJr教师进行采访,对目前国内外在小学编程入门课程中的教学实施现状进行了综述。第三章:基于PTD框架的小学ScratchJr教学设计。这个部分包括相关知识水平检测问卷设计、对教学对象和知识体系的前期分析,以及具体的第一轮教学设计。前期对教学对象和知识体系的分析有助于合理的教学设计以及后期的教学实践。第四章:第一轮基于PTD框架的小学ScratchJr教学实践。第一轮三次教学实践基于第三部分的教学设计,包括教学媒体准备、实践过程、实践评价、实践效果描述、实践反思以及教案调整等。在教学实践过程中,活动设计要融入PTD框架的12C理论,培养学生的6C品质。在教学实践之后,根据课堂观察以及课后视频分析,使用PTD框架评估量表来分析是否达到了一定的研究目的。第五章:第一轮基于PTD框架的小学ScratchJr教学效果分析。在第一轮三次教学实践后进行实践效果问卷设计,搜集数据并对问卷进行分析,同时分析ScratchJr学习对后续Scratch学习的影响。第六章:第二轮基于PTD框架的小学ScratchJr教学设计与实践。根据第一轮实验得出仅三次基于PTD框架的小学ScratchJr教学对于小学高年级学生来说效果突出,但对于小学低年级学生来说却有一定难度,针对小学低年级教学对象将第一轮的教学设计进行调整,开展八次基于PTD框架的小学ScratchJr教学设计与实践,进行第二轮实验。在两次实验结束后,总结基于PTD框架的小学ScratchJr教学设计与实践的教学策略。第七章:结论和展望。这部分笔者总结了本文的研究结论,研究的不足及展望。
[Abstract]:The rapid development of the mobile market today, the rapid rise of the Internet of things, computers have permeated all aspects of public life. This means that computer technology has become a skill everyone needs to understand and learn. Programming can be a good entry point. And the learning of programming technology, of course, starts with kids, and in the process of learning computer technology, it's not just a skill of programming. What is more important is to train students' abilities and qualities while learning by programming. Therefore, the author bases on the framework of "positive Technological Development" proposed by Professor Marin. And the ScratchJr graphical programming software developed by Professor Marin and MIT, To design and practice the introductory course of elementary school programming. The topic is "Primary School ScratchJr Teaching Design and practice based on PTD Framework", which aims at localization of children's programming education from American teaching mode. In a simple and interesting way to promote the development and improvement of students'6C quality through programming introductory teaching, At the same time, this paper summarizes the teaching strategies of primary school ScratchJr teaching design and practice based on PTD framework. This paper is divided into seven chapters: chapter one: introduction. The second chapter: literature review. First, it explains the PTD framework and ScratchJr graphical programming software; secondly, it analyzes a lot of data, and interviews some primary school ScratchJr teachers. This paper summarizes the current situation of teaching implementation in the elementary school programming introductory course at home and abroad. Chapter three: the primary school ScratchJr teaching design based on the PTD framework. This part includes the design of the related knowledge level test questionnaire. The preliminary analysis of teaching object and knowledge system, The previous analysis of teaching object and knowledge system is helpful to reasonable teaching design and later teaching practice. Chapter 4th: the first round of primary school ScratchJr teaching practice based on PTD framework. The third round of teaching practice is based on the third part of the teaching design, Including teaching media preparation, practice process, practice evaluation, practice effect description, practice reflection and teaching plan adjustment, etc. In the process of teaching practice, the activity design should be integrated into the 12C theory of PTD framework. Cultivate students'6C quality. After teaching practice, according to classroom observation and after-class video analysis, The PTD Framework Evaluation scale is used to analyze whether it has achieved a certain research purpose. Chapter 5th: the first round of primary school ScratchJr teaching effect analysis based on the PTD framework. After the first round of three teaching practice, the practice effect questionnaire is designed. Collect data and analyze the questionnaire, Chapter 6th: the second round of primary school ScratchJr teaching design and practice based on PTD framework. According to the first round of experiments, only three primary school ScratchJr teaching based on PTD framework for primary school years. For the grade students, the effect is outstanding. However, it is difficult for the lower grade students to adjust the first round of teaching design and carry out the design and practice of primary school ScratchJr eight times based on PTD framework. After two experiments, the author summarizes the teaching strategies of primary school ScratchJr teaching design and practice based on PTD framework. Chapter 7th: conclusions and prospects.
【学位授予单位】：上海师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G623.58

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