雾霾天气下芜湖市小学体育活动的开展现状与对策研究

发布时间：2018-03-30 18:51

本文选题：芜湖市　切入点：雾霾　出处：《安徽师范大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：现今,我国部分地区雾霾天气已成为常态,据统计,2015-2016年期间,芜湖地区雾霾天气占比近40%,雾霾对芜湖市小学体育开展产生了非常不利的影响。而教育部提倡的“阳光体育”活动要求小学生每天至少开展1小时的体育锻炼,解决雾霾问题,保障小学体育活动有效开展,成了芜湖市政府、教育局的当务之急。本研究采用文献研读、问卷调查、专家访谈等方法,探讨了芜湖市小学雾霾天气下体育活动的开展现状,剖析其存在问题,并提出相应的对策,以期保障雾霾天气下芜湖市小学体育活动的合理进行。研究表明:(1)相对于学生,芜湖市多数小学体育教师比较了解雾霾天气下开展体育运动的危害性,但重视程度不够,对可以进行室外体育活动的雾霾污染程度不太明确。(2)雾霾较重时芜湖市多数小学停开体育课,主要被自习和看视频等活动所代替;雾霾较轻时多数小学开展体育课,其中部分学校在教学目标、教学内容、教学方法和组织形式上有所调整,多数学校在运动强度和活动时间上有所减少。雾霾天气下芜湖市小学生体育课活动的主要场所为教室,由于小学室内体育场馆缺乏,在室内开展体育活动的学校偏少。(3)雾霾较重情况下,芜湖市多数小学取消了大课间活动,受人数因素和场地因素制约,活动形式以学生自主活动为主,活动场所以教室为主,缺乏统一组织;即使在雾霾较轻时,阳光一小时活动也只有少数学校开展;由于运动队有专门教练负责,加之需完成相应的比赛任务,多数小学运动队在雾霾天气进行训练,但训练目标、内容和形式等有所调整。(4)虽然芜湖市部分小学开展了补充锻炼,但均未制定合理的补充锻炼方案,未对补充锻炼的频率、内容、活动量、形式进行科学论证,没能有效利用补充锻炼的途径,来弥补雾霾天气下小学生体育活动开展不足的问题。(5)多数芜湖市小学体育主管部门应对雾霾天气的措施局限于意识层面,应对措施缺少约束性和计划性,对雾霾天气下合理地开展体育活动指导性不强,在室内场馆建设方面力度不大。芜湖市体育教师应对雾霾天气所采取措施较为简单,主要为调整运动负荷和在教室内开展体育活动,学生对雾霾天体育课的满意度不高。
[Abstract]:At present, haze weather has become the norm in some parts of China. According to statistics, the period 2015-2016, The proportion of haze weather in Wuhu area is nearly 40%. Haze has had a very negative impact on the physical education of primary schools in Wuhu. The "sunshine sports" campaign advocated by the Ministry of Education requires pupils to carry out at least one hour of physical exercise a day to solve the haze problem. It has become an urgent task for Wuhu Municipal Government and Education Bureau to ensure the effective development of primary school sports activities. The present situation of sports activities under haze weather in primary schools in Wuhu City is discussed by means of literature study, questionnaire investigation and expert interviews. The existing problems are analyzed, and the corresponding countermeasures are put forward in order to ensure the reasonable physical activity of Wuhu primary school under the weather of haze. The research shows that: 1) is relative to the students. Most primary school physical education teachers in Wuhu understand the harmfulness of developing sports in haze weather, but pay less attention to it. The degree of haze pollution that can be used for outdoor sports activities is not too clear. (2) when haze is heavier, most primary schools in Wuhu city stop to open physical education classes, which are mainly replaced by activities such as self-study and watching videos; when haze is lighter, most primary schools carry out physical education classes. Some of the schools have adjusted their teaching objectives, teaching contents, teaching methods and organizational forms, while most schools have reduced their sports intensity and time. The main place for the physical education activities of primary school students in Wuhu city under haze weather is the classroom. Due to the lack of indoor stadiums and gymnasiums in primary schools and the relatively few schools carrying out indoor sports activities in Wuhu, most primary schools in Wuhu have cancelled large class activities, which are restricted by the factors of number and venue. The main forms of activities are students' independent activities, the main venues are classrooms, and there is no unified organization. Even when haze is relatively light, only a few schools carry out one-hour sunshine activities; because sports teams have special coaches, In addition to the need to complete the corresponding competition tasks, most primary school sports teams train in haze weather, but the training objectives, contents and forms have been adjusted. (4) although some primary schools in Wuhu have developed supplementary exercises, However, no reasonable supplementary exercise program has been formulated, and the frequency, content, activity quantity and form of supplementary exercise have not been scientifically demonstrated, and the ways of supplementary exercise have not been effectively utilized. To make up for the lack of physical activity of primary school students in haze weather. Most of the administrative departments of primary school sports in Wuhu City are limited to the measures of haze weather at the level of consciousness and lack of restraint and planning. The reasonable development of sports activities under haze weather is not very instructive, and the construction of indoor gymnasiums is not strong. The measures taken by physical education teachers in Wuhu to cope with haze weather are relatively simple. In order to adjust the sports load and carry out sports activities in the classroom, the students' satisfaction with the physical education on haze days was not high.
【学位授予单位】：安徽师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G623.8

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