一所城市小学学生课业负担问题的个案研究

发布时间：2018-04-25 22:37

本文选题：城市小学 + 小学生　；参考：《西南大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：社会竞争的背后,比拼的是人力资本的“厚度”；考试竞争的背后,隐藏着学生学习精力的透支。中小学生课业负担问题由来已久,并逐渐演化成基础教育中的热点、难点问题之一,为社会所关注。与此同时,减轻学生课业负担问题受到国家、政府及相关教育部门的高度重视,并被上升到政策层面,虽几经治理,却收效甚微。目前,城市小学生是否依旧沉浸在课业负担的苦海中呢?他们的课业负担现状是什么?课业负担是重还是轻?又有哪些表现形式?导致这种现状的深层原因是什么?我们又该如何面对,采取何种措施才能最有效促进城市小学生的身心健康发展?……这一系列问题都值得深入研究。本研究选取一所城市小学进行个案研究,通过问卷调查和访谈发现,城市小学学生课业负担较重的情况依旧存在,主要包括客观和主观两个方面。客观层面主要表现为学生睡眠时间不足,课时量较多,辅导班较多等；主观方面的突出问题是不少学生的学习动机为外部动机,具有较强的功利性,缺乏对学习本身的兴趣与热情,学习动力不足等。这些问题势必损害青少年的身心健康发展。究其原因,主要为：家庭作为“权威拥有者”责任缺失却一味追求利益最大化；学校准群体组织之间的矛盾冲突激化,学校领导管理形式单一,忽视师生主体需要,教师教学倦怠凸出,课堂效率不高,学生抗压心理失调,自我调节力较差；政府对教育资源稀缺性的漠视以及制度调节不力；社会传统文化根深蒂固,分配体制不公平等。在新课程改革不断向纵深发展、素质教育稳步推进的今天,减轻城市小学生课业负担已刻不容缓,为此亟需家长降低冲突强度,营造良好的家庭环境；学校提供沟通平台,催生教师权利的意识觉醒；教师要将课堂生动化,注重向科研型教师转变；学生自身要加强主体性的认识,自主缓解压力；教育行政部门要推动“强制权威结构”的变迁,促进评价制度的更新；社会要规范媒体,充分发挥社区的教育功能。
[Abstract]:Behind the social competition, it is the "thickness" of human capital. Behind the examination competition, the students' learning energy is concealed. The problem of schoolwork burdens of primary and secondary school students has long been developed, and gradually evolved into a hot spot in basic education, one of the difficult problems, and a note for the society. At the same time, the problem of reducing the burden of students' schoolwork has been affected by the country. The family, the government and the relevant educational departments have attached great importance to the policy level, and have been raised to the policy level, although they have been treated with little effect. What are it? What measures should we face and what measures we should take to promote the physical and mental health of urban pupils? This series of problems should be studied. A case study of a primary school in a city is selected, and through questionnaires and interviews, it is found that the heavy burden of schoolwork in primary school students still exists, It mainly includes objective and subjective two aspects. The objective level is mainly manifested in students' lack of sleep time, more hours of class, and more tutoring classes. The outstanding subjective problems are that many students' motivation is external motivation, with strong utilitarianism, lack of interest and enthusiasm for learning and lack of learning motivation. The problem is bound to damage the physical and mental health of young people. The main reasons are as follows: the lack of responsibility for the family as the "authority owner" but the pursuit of maximization of interests; the contradictions and conflicts between the school quasi group organizations, the single form of the school leadership management, the neglect of the needs of the teachers and students, the teaching burnout of the teachers, and the low efficiency of the classroom, The students' psychological disorder, poor self-regulation, the government's indifference to the scarcity of educational resources, the ineffective regulation of the system, the deep-rooted social culture and the unfairness of the distribution system, and the deepening of the new curriculum reform and the steady advancement of the quality education today, it is urgent to reduce the burden on the schoolchildren in the city. It is urgent for parents to reduce the intensity of the conflict and create a good family environment; the school provides a communication platform for the awakening of the consciousness of the teachers' rights; the teachers should make the classroom lively and pay attention to the transformation of the scientific research type teachers; the students themselves should strengthen the awareness of the subjectivity and relieve the pressure independently; the administrative departments of education should promote the "compulsory authority structure". The changes will promote the renewal of the evaluation system; the society should regulate the media and give full play to the educational function of the community.

【学位授予单位】：西南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：G622.0

【参考文献】