上海市小学体育兴趣化教学改革的实证研究

发布时间：2018-04-28 02:22

本文选题：兴趣化 + 体育教学　；参考：《华东师范大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：自上海市实施二期课程改革以来,上海市体育教学无论是课程理念还是教学的具体实施,都愈加趋于合理化和多样化,同时更加注重根据学生身心特点进行针对性教学。2012年,上海市教委根据高中生的身心特点推出了"高中体育专项化"教学改革试点工作,取得了一定成效。同时,上海市学生健康促进工程的实施,使学生对体育学习的需求也发生变化,主要体现在体育功能的多元性、体育形式的兴趣性、体育内容的多样性和体育教师的引领性上。学生的兴趣逐渐开始受到关注,在体育教学中,不仅要注重学生身心健康发展,更要关注对学生运动兴趣的激发。作为全国体育改革的先驱,为加快课程革,有效衔接小学与初中的体育与健康课程,促进学生身心健康发展,提高小学生运动兴趣,上海市教委再一次提出了"小学兴趣化、初中多样化"改革。本研究将在上海市小学体育兴趣化教学改革的基础上,运用文献资料法、访谈法、实验法及数理统计法,对小学体育兴趣化教学改革的产生背景、提出缘由及国内外研究现状进行综述,并在林苑小学及闵行实验小学进行小学体育兴趣化教学改革实验。其中林苑小学一年级1班和3班(共67人)、二年级1班和5班(共73人)及闵行实验小学五年级2班(共44人)作为实验组,宝山进修实验学校一年级1班和2班(共60)人、二年级1班和2班(共56人)及五年级1班和2班(共63人)作为对照组,探索小学体育兴趣化教学改革的效果;同时对参与小学体育兴趣化教学改革实验的林苑小学4名体育教师及闵行实验小学10名体育教师进行访谈,了解小学体育兴趣化教学改革的具体措施及教师们对小学体育兴趣化教学改革的认知,探索小学体育兴趣化教学改革实施效果及其成因,对小学体育兴趣化教学改革的进一步实施提出建议。通过研究,得出以下结论:1.小学体育兴趣化教学改革实验因更关注学生兴趣与运动能力的发展,在教学内容、教学方法、教学手段及教学组织等方面强调游戏化和多样化,有效激发了小学生的体育学习兴趣,提高了小学生体质健康水平,但在教学评价方面有待改善。2.小学体育兴趣化教学改革实验中,学生体质健康水平和体育学习兴趣水平的提高均有明显的年级效应。具体表现为全面提高了五年级学生的体质健康水平,改善了二年级学生的身高、体重、心肺功能、灵敏素质和一年级学生的身高与体重;有效提高了一年级与五年级学生的体育学习兴趣水平,且明显好于二年级,这可能与二年级任课教师的教学行为有关。3.小学体育兴趣化教学改革实验中,仅学生的身高与灵敏素质存在着明显的性别主效应、年级与性别的交互效应,消极兴趣上存在明显的性别主效应,其他体质健康水平与体育学习兴趣指标均不存在明显的性别效应,这与小学生身心发展特点相契合。
[Abstract]:Since the implementation of the second phase of curriculum reform in Shanghai, both the curriculum concept and the specific implementation of physical education in Shanghai have become increasingly rationalized and diversified, and more emphasis has been placed on targeted teaching according to the students' physical and mental characteristics. In 2012, According to the physical and mental characteristics of senior high school students, Shanghai Education Commission has put forward the teaching reform pilot work of "PE Specialization in Senior Middle School", and has achieved certain results. At the same time, the implementation of the health promotion project in Shanghai has changed the students' demand for physical education, which is mainly reflected in the diversity of sports functions, the interest of sports forms, the diversity of sports contents and the guidance of PE teachers. The interest of students has been paid more and more attention. In the teaching of physical education, we should not only pay attention to the development of students' physical and mental health, but also pay attention to the stimulation of students' interest in sports. As a pioneer of national sports reform, in order to speed up the curriculum reform, effectively link the physical education and health curriculum between primary school and junior high school, promote the development of students' physical and mental health, and enhance pupils' interest in sports, the Shanghai Municipal Education Commission once again put forward "Primary School interest," Junior high school diversification "reform." Based on the reform of PE interest teaching in primary schools in Shanghai, this study will apply the methods of literature, interview, experiment and mathematical statistics to the background of the reform of PE interest teaching in primary schools. The reasons and current research situation at home and abroad were summarized, and the reform experiment of PE interest teaching was carried out in Linyuan Elementary School and Minhang Experimental Primary School. Among them, class 1 and class 3 in grade 1 of Linyuan Primary School (67 students in total), Class 1 and Class 5 of Grade 2 (73 students in Grade 2) and Class 2 of Grade 5 of Minhang Experimental Primary School (44 students in total) were used as experimental groups, and classes 1 and 2 of Baoshan Experimental School of continuing Education (60 students in total), Class 1 and class 2 of grade two (56 students) and class 1 and class 2 of grade five (63 students) were used as control group to explore the effect of teaching reform of interest in physical education in primary school. At the same time, 4 PE teachers of Linyuan Elementary School and 10 PE Teachers of Minhang Experimental Primary School who participated in the experiment of PE interest teaching reform in primary school were interviewed. To understand the concrete measures of the reform of PE interest teaching in primary school and the teachers' cognition to the reform of PE interest teaching in primary school, and to explore the effect and causes of the reform of PE interest teaching in primary school. Some suggestions are put forward for the further implementation of the reform of interest in physical education in primary schools. Through research, the following conclusion is drawn: 1. The reform experiment of interest teaching in primary school physical education, because it pays more attention to the development of students' interest and sports ability, emphasizes on playing and diversification in teaching contents, teaching methods, teaching methods and teaching organization, etc. It can effectively stimulate pupils' interest in physical education and improve their physical health, but it needs to be improved in teaching evaluation. In the reform experiment of primary school physical education interest teaching, the improvement of students' physique health level and physical education learning interest level have obvious grade effect. The concrete manifestation is that the physical health level of the fifth grade students is improved comprehensively, the height, weight, cardiopulmonary function, sensitive quality of the second grade students and the height and weight of the first grade students are improved. The level of interest in physical education of students in grade one and grade five is improved effectively, and it is obviously better than that in grade two, which may be related to the teaching behavior of teachers in grade two. In the reform experiment of primary school physical education interest teaching, only the students' height and sensitive quality have obvious gender dominant effect, grade and gender interaction effect, and negative interest have obvious gender dominant effect. There was no obvious gender effect between other physical health level and physical education interest index, which coincided with the characteristics of pupils' physical and mental development.
【学位授予单位】：华东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G623.8

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