新课程标准背景下的小学语文字理教学研究

发布时间：2018-05-28 00:43

本文选题：字理识字 + 字理析词　；参考：《广西师范学院》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：在2001年颁布的语文新课程标准中,明确的提出了应特别关注汉语言文字的特点对学生识字写字、阅读、写作、口语交际和思维发展等方面的影响的要求。汉字所具有的科学构字理据是其最重要的特点之一。字理教学就是将汉字知识和文化以汉字构字理据的具体形式融入进语文教学的教学模式和方法,它不但能帮助学生学习有关汉语言文字的知识还能够帮助学生掌握自主学习的能力。本研究旨在从实际出发,首先发现小学语文识字教学、词语教学和阅读教学上存在的问题,同时通过调查总结出教师对字理教学的认知情况和情感态度。在有了上述调查和总结所积累的素材之后,首先以字理教学的汉字学、心理学以及语文学科教育学的理论依据以及字理教学的意义为基础,再重点阐述字理教学的范式建构,在范式建构过程中首先规范出字理教学应遵循的基本原则,然后再从字理识字和字理析词两个角度来分别阐述字理教学的实际应用步骤方法以及在教学过程中应注意的问题,其中有关字理析词的研究是本研究中的创新之处,它将字理知识科学的与词语教学和阅读教学进行融合,拓展了字理在小学语文教学中的应用范围。虽然字理教学在理论上已经基本具备了较完备的指导方案和行动指南,但是通过上述调查以及教育实践发现,当今教师和学生对字理教学的认知和态度还存在有很多的问题,尤其是一些教师对字理教学的认识存在着误区以及教师字理知识储备量低下所导致的缺乏理据的教学,同时,在学术界对字理教学也存在着不少的争论和质疑。因此就有必要为字理教学的进一步有效地实施提出参考性的意见和建议。在国家层面,教育管理部门给予字理教学以高度重视和科学的规范,尤其是各级行政管理部门要根据课程标准制定行之有效的实施和测评制度;在社会层面,教材编委会要注意强调字理教学尤其是汉字构字理据和汉字文化在语文教材中的重要性,师范院校在培养语文教师时要加强师范生学习字理知识的能力和意识;在个人层面,一线教师可以通过校本课程或者统一的组织来定期的培养和提升自身的字理知识储备量,从而将字理教学更好地应用于实际教学过程中。总之,字理教学是在继承了源远流长的汉字历史文化的基础上,结合现代的教学经验而形成的科学的系统的教学体系,它不但能够提高教学效率,培养学生的自主学习能力,同时还将中国传统文化在青少年一代中予以传承,因此,对字理教学的研究担负着优化语文教学和传承中国传统文化的双重使命。
[Abstract]:In the new curriculum standard of Chinese issued in 2001, the author puts forward the requirement that special attention should be paid to the influence of the characteristics of Chinese characters on students' writing, reading, writing, oral communication and the development of thinking. The scientific construction motivation of Chinese characters is one of its most important characteristics. The teaching of Chinese characters is the teaching mode and method of integrating the knowledge and culture of Chinese characters into Chinese teaching in the specific form of motivation of Chinese characters construction. It not only helps students learn about Chinese characters, but also helps students master the ability of autonomous learning. The purpose of this study is to find out the problems in the teaching of Chinese literacy, vocabulary teaching and reading teaching in primary school, and to summarize the teachers' cognition and emotional attitude towards the teaching of words and principles through the investigation. After the above investigation and summary of the accumulated materials, first of all, based on the theoretical basis of Chinese characters, psychology and Chinese pedagogy, as well as the significance of word teaching, the paper focuses on the construction of the paradigm of word science teaching. In the process of paradigm construction, we first standardize the basic principles that should be followed in the teaching of words and principles, and then, from the perspectives of word literacy and word analysis, respectively explain the practical application steps of word teaching and the problems that should be paid attention to in the process of teaching. The research on word analysis is the innovation of this study. It combines the science of word science with word teaching and reading teaching, and expands the scope of application of word science in Chinese teaching in primary school. Although the teaching of words and principles has basically had a relatively complete guiding plan and a guide for action in theory, through the above investigation and educational practice, it is found that there are still many problems in the cognition and attitude of teachers and students to the teaching of words and principles. In particular, some teachers have misunderstandings about the teaching of words and principles and lack of motivation for teaching because of the low reserve of teachers' knowledge of words and principles. At the same time, there are many arguments and doubts about the teaching of words and principles in academic circles. Therefore, it is necessary to put forward some suggestions and suggestions for the further effective implementation of the teaching of words and principles. At the national level, the educational management departments attach great importance to the teaching of words and principles and make scientific norms, especially the administrative departments at all levels should formulate effective implementation and evaluation systems according to the curriculum standards; at the social level, The textbook editorial committee should pay attention to emphasizing the importance of Chinese character construction motivation and Chinese character culture in the teaching of Chinese characters, and strengthen the ability and consciousness of normal school students to learn the word theory knowledge when training Chinese teachers, and at the personal level, First-line teachers can train and improve their knowledge reserves through school-based curriculum or unified organization, so that the teaching of words and principles can be better applied in the actual teaching process. In a word, the teaching of Chinese characters is a scientific and systematic teaching system formed on the basis of inheriting the history and culture of Chinese characters with a long history and combining with modern teaching experience. It can not only improve the teaching efficiency, but also cultivate the students' ability to learn independently. At the same time, the Chinese traditional culture is passed on among the younger generation. Therefore, the research on the teaching of words and principles bears the dual mission of optimizing Chinese teaching and inheriting Chinese traditional culture.
【学位授予单位】：广西师范学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：G623.2

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