小学中高年级学生别字现象的研究

发布时间：2018-06-22 06:02

本文选题：别字 + 小学中高年级　；参考：《山东师范大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：在小学阶段,识字与写字教学承担着重要的角色,它是学生学习其他学科的基础。识字与写字教学也是义务教育阶段必不可少的教学内容。小学语文教师对于识字教学的关注度很高,但在实际教学中,学生的错别字现象依然比较普遍,并且中高年级的学生出现别字情况的显著。如何改进小学语文识字教学,减少学生的别字现象,显得尤为迫切。研究小学中高年级学生的别字现象,能够进一步丰富小学识字教学的相关理论,同时不断提高学生使用汉字的规范,帮助学生养成良好的书写习惯,从而减少学生别字现象的出现,提高识字教学效率。对选题缘由、相关文献综述以及研究方法等内容的阐释,为小学中高年级学生别字现象的研究奠定了理论基础。要对别字现象进行研究和分析,首先要就了解什么是别字。别字是指由于字音或者字形相近,把正确的字写成了另外的一个字。这样的字就是别字,这其中也包括书写不规范的字。这是对收集到的别字进行分析的基础。在研究过程中,运用文本分析法对收集到的别字进行分析,这样可以为本研究提供现实依据,从而使本研究更加科学化。然后运用访谈法以及课堂观察法等研究方法,对学生出现别字现象的原因进行探究。别字的出现是教师教学方式的单一性、学生认知和学习能力的局限性、汉字本身的复杂性以及社会不规范用字相互影响的结果。在对学生别字成因分析的基础上,提出优化小学中高年级识字教学的策略。首先,教师要探究汉字本身的特点,从字音、字形、字义教学三方面提高识字教学效率。其次,教师要遵循学生认知特点,培养学生良好的识字习惯。培养良好的语文学习习惯是学好语文的秘诀。在小学阶段,中高年级的学生正处于培养习惯的关键时期,教师要抓住这一好时期,引导学生端正识字态度,树立写字规范。再者教师要提高学生识字兴趣,发展学生识字能力。教师不仅要教会学生书写汉字,更重要的是锻炼学生自主识字的能力。最后,优化语言环境,减少别字的负面影响。这需要社会家庭和学校的共同努力,减少不良的用字习惯,从而为减少学生的别字现象尽一份力。
[Abstract]:In primary school, the teaching of literacy and writing plays an important role, which is the basis for students to learn other subjects. The teaching of literacy and writing is also an essential part of compulsory education. The primary school Chinese teachers pay great attention to the literacy teaching, but in the actual teaching, the phenomenon of students' wrong characters is still quite common, and the students of middle and high grades have different characters. How to improve the teaching of Chinese literacy in primary schools and reduce the phenomenon of students' characters is particularly urgent. Studying the phenomenon of characters in middle and high grade students in primary schools can further enrich the relevant theories of literacy teaching in primary schools, at the same time, constantly improve the norms of students' use of Chinese characters, and help students develop good writing habits. In order to reduce the appearance of students' character phenomenon, improve the efficiency of literacy teaching. The explanation of the reason, literature review and research methods lay a theoretical foundation for the study of the phenomenon of different characters in middle and senior primary school students. In order to study and analyze the phenomenon of other words, we must first understand what other words are. Another word is to write the correct word into another word because the sound or shape of the word is similar. Such words are other words, which also include non-standard writing. This is the basis for the analysis of other words collected. In the course of the research, the text analysis method is used to analyze the other words collected, which can provide a realistic basis for this study and make the study more scientific. Then, by using the methods of interview and classroom observation, this paper probes into the causes of the phenomenon of different characters in the students. The appearance of other characters is the result of the singularity of teachers' teaching methods, the limitation of students' cognition and learning ability, the complexity of Chinese characters themselves and the interaction of social non-standard characters. On the basis of analyzing the causes of students' characters, this paper puts forward the strategies of optimizing the teaching of literacy in middle and high grade of primary schools. First of all, teachers should explore the characteristics of Chinese characters and improve the teaching efficiency of Chinese characters from three aspects: pronunciation, shape and meaning. Secondly, teachers should follow students' cognitive characteristics and cultivate students' good literacy habits. Cultivating good Chinese study habits is the secret of learning Chinese well. In the primary school stage, the middle and high grade students are in the key period of cultivating habits, teachers should grasp this good period, guide the students to correct their literacy attitude and establish the writing standard. Moreover, teachers should improve students' interest in literacy and develop students' literacy ability. Teachers should not only teach students to write Chinese characters, but also develop students' ability of autonomous literacy. Finally, optimize the language environment to reduce the negative impact of other words. This requires the joint efforts of social families and schools to reduce bad word use habits and thus contribute to reducing the phenomenon of students.
【学位授予单位】：山东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G623.2

【参考文献】