体育游戏对小学低年级儿童感觉统合失调的影响研究

发布时间：2018-06-26 23:05

本文选题：体育 + 游戏　；参考：《山西师范大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着城镇一体化的加快,工作压力的不断增加,人们忽视了孩子在成长过程中和在受教育过程中遇到的问题,甚至将这些问题“简单化”。人们发现学龄段初期的儿童在日常生活中和学习中,上课注意力不集中,作业不能独立完成,作业还马虎,行为懒散,在参加各种活动时又显得体力不足,身体素质变差,又或者是运动中动作不协调等等不好的行为。这种普遍的现象,在医学中被称为感觉统合能力失调。北京儿童医院鉴定感觉统合失调是3到13岁儿童出现的一种隐性功能障碍,它不会特别明显地让你感觉到不舒服,你也感觉不到它的存在,然而,在孩子一生中都会受到感觉统合失调的影响,尤其是在儿童时期的成长和发展;本研究针对儿童感觉统合能力失调现象,将通过感觉统合理论融入到体育游戏中的方法帮助其恢复和改善感觉统合的基本能力,旨在为今后关于体育游戏对感觉统合的干预的研究提供参考。本研究运用量表测量法(儿童感觉统合能力发展评定量表)、实验法、观察记录法、数理统计法(SPSS19.0中文版)、专家访谈法等客观全面的实证研究方法,从陵川县西关小学一年级学生195名调查入手,抽取其中40名学生为实验对象(20人为实验组,20人为对照组),通过体育游戏对儿童感觉统合能力的干预实验,揭示体育游戏对儿童感觉统合失调的作用和影响,以便更好地服务于体育课堂和体育教学。结果显示:陵川县西关小学一年级儿童中整体感觉统合失调程度和人数分别为:实验组感觉统合轻度失调人数有8人,感觉统合中度失调人数有11人,感觉统合重度失调人数有1人,对照组感觉统合轻度失调人数有10人,感觉统合中度失调人数有9人,感觉统合重度失调人数有1人;实验后对实验组和对照组的感觉统合失调人数进行统计得出,实验组有12人变为正常,对照组有3人变为正常,体育游戏的干预,对低年级儿童感觉统合能力失调的改善效果更为显著;实验前后,实验组前庭失衡,本体感受,触觉防御在均值方面均有提高,且P值均为0.000,说明体育游戏的干预效果明显;但是在学习能力方面,均值也有提高,但是P值为0.286,不具有差异性,说明体育游戏对学习能力的干预效果不明显。在实验后,实验组和对照组的感觉统合失调人数,减少分别(分别减少)为12人和3人。经过体育游戏干预以后,实验组轻度感觉统合失调转为正常的人数为7人,感觉统合中度失调转为正常的人数为5人,重度感觉统合失调的1人转为轻度失调,并没有得到完全正常。说明感觉统合失调的纠正不是一蹴而就的,而是需要合理的计划,具有针对性和长期性,最主要的是需要长时间的不断训练,甚至需要改变一些不合理的生活习惯。建议:感觉统合训练的理论和实操技可以迁移到体育游戏中,让体育教学和体育活动更具科学性和发展性。
[Abstract]:With the acceleration of urban integration and the increasing pressure of work, people ignore the problems encountered by children in the process of growing up and in the process of receiving education, and even "simplify" these problems. It was found that in their daily life and study, children in early school age were unable to concentrate in class, could not finish their homework independently, were sloppy in their homework, and were lazy in their behavior. They also appeared to lack physical strength and physical fitness when they took part in various activities. Or the movement is not coordinated and so on bad behavior. This common phenomenon, in medicine, is called sensory integration disorder. Beijing Children's Hospital identified sensory integration disorder as a cryptic disorder in children between the ages of 3 and 13. It doesn't make you feel particularly uncomfortable and you don't feel it, however. Children are affected by sensory integration disorders throughout their lives, especially in childhood. The method of integrating sensory integration theory into sports games will help them to recover and improve their basic ability of sensory integration in order to provide a reference for the future research on the intervention of sports games on sensory integration. In this study, the objective and comprehensive empirical research methods, such as scale measurement (rating scale for the development of children's sensory integration ability), experimental method, observation and record method, mathematical statistics (SPSS 19.0 Chinese version), expert interview and so on, were used. Starting with the investigation of 195 first-grade students in Xiguan Primary School in Lingchuan County, 40 students were selected as experimental objects (20 as experimental group and 20 as control group), and the intervention experiment of children's sensory integration ability was carried out through sports games. To reveal the effect and influence of sports games on children's sensory integration disorder in order to better serve physical education classroom and physical education. The results showed that the degree and number of overall sensory integration disorder in the first grade children of Xiguan primary school in Lingchuan County were as follows: there were 8 cases of mild sensory integration disorder and 11 cases of moderate sensory integration disorder in the experimental group. There were 1 severe sensory integration disorder, 10 mild sensory integration disorder, 9 moderate sensory integration disorder and 1 severe sensory integration disorder in the control group. After the experiment, the number of sensory integration disorders in the experimental group and the control group were statistically analyzed. It was found that 12 people in the experimental group became normal, and 3 in the control group became normal. Before and after the experiment, the vestibular imbalance, proprioceptive perception and tactile defense in the experimental group were all improved in the mean value, and the value of P was 0.000, which indicated that the intervention effect of sports games was obvious. But in the aspect of learning ability, the average value is also improved, but P value is 0.286, there is no difference, which indicates that the intervention effect of sports games on learning ability is not obvious. After the experiment, the number of sensory integration disorders in the experimental group and the control group decreased to 12 and 3, respectively. After the intervention of sports games, the number of mild sensory integration disorder turned to normal in the experimental group was 7, the number of moderate sensory integration disorder to normal was 5, and that of severe sensory integration disorder was mild. It is not completely normal. It shows that the correction of sensory integration disorder is not accomplished overnight, but requires reasonable planning, pertinence and long-term, the most important is the need for long-term training, and even the need to change some unreasonable living habits. It is suggested that the theory and practical skills of sensory integration training can be transferred to sports games, so that physical education and sports activities can be more scientific and developmental.
【学位授予单位】：山西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G623.8

【参考文献】