医教结合对三年级小学生洗手知识行为干预效果评价

发布时间：2018-06-30 18:45

本文选题：洗手 + 健康知识　；参考：《中国学校卫生》2017年07期

【摘要】：目的了解医教结合模式干预小学生洗手的效果,为推广医教结合健康教育模式提供依据。方法选取嘉定区15所外来务工人员子女学校小学三年级学生1 239名,每所学校以班级为单位分为干预组和对照组。对干预组开展医教结合的洗手教育1年时间,对照组不采取干预措施,干预后对效果进行评估。结果干预后,干预组小学生总体洗手知识知晓率为92.4%,高于干预前(79.5%),差异有统计学意义(χ~2=39.750,P0.05);干预组1周内饭前、便后及外出回家后洗手行为报告率分别为93.1%,94.1%,86.1%,均高于干预前(89.4%,89.0%,79.1%);"使用洗手用品""按六步法洗手""搓洗时间20 s以上""关水龙头方法"及"干手方法"等现场洗手规范率分别为95.9%,83.0%,87.6%,88.1%,92.0%,均高于干预前(49.0%,41.7%,44.0%,17.1%,20.5%),差异均有统计学意义(P值均0.05);干预后,干预组与对照组比较,除饭前便后需洗手和不愿意洗手报告率差异无统计学意义外,干预组小学生洗手知识知晓、行为报告率及洗手规范率均高于对照组,阻碍洗手原因报告率均低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P值均0.05)。结论医教结合模式是一种有效的小学生健康教育方式。
[Abstract]:Objective to investigate the effect of medical education combined with education on primary school children's hand washing, and to provide basis for popularizing the model of medical education and health education. Methods 1 239 third grade students from 15 migrant workers' children's schools in Jiading District were selected. Each school was divided into intervention group and control group. The intervention group carried out hand-washing education combined with medicine and education for one year, the control group did not take intervention measures, and the effect was evaluated after intervention. Results after intervention, the awareness rate of general knowledge of hand washing in the intervention group was 92.4, which was higher than that before intervention (79.5%), the difference was statistically significant (蠂 2, 39.750, P0.05). The reported rate of hand washing after toilet and after going home was 93.1 / 94.1, respectively, which was higher than that before intervention (89.4 / 89.0/ 79.1%), "washing hands by six steps", "washing time > 20 s", "turning off faucet method" and "dry hand method" were all higher than those before intervention (89.4 / 89.0 / 79.1%), "washing hands according to six-step method", "washing time > 20 s", "turning off faucet method" and "dry hand method" The rates of 92.9% and 87.6% were higher than those before the intervention (49.0% and 41.7%, 44.0% and 20.5%, respectively), and the differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05), after the intervention, there was no significant difference between the two groups (P > 0.05), and the difference was significant (P < 0.05), and the difference was significant (P < 0.05). Compared with the control group, there was no significant difference between the intervention group and the control group, except that there was no significant difference in the rate of hand-washing report before and after meals, the knowledge of hand-washing, the rate of behavior reporting and the rate of the norm of hand-washing in the intervention group were higher than those in the control group. The reported rate of the reasons of preventing hand washing was lower than that of the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). Conclusion the combination of medical education and teaching is an effective way of health education for primary school students.
【作者单位】：上海交通大学公共卫生学院;上海市嘉定区疾病预防控制中心;
【分类号】：G627.8

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