小学数学“统计与概率”教学系统的设计与实现
发布时间：2018-07-18 21:10
【摘要】：“统计与概率”是一门研究数据处理和随机现象及其规律的学科,为人们认识客观世界提供了重要的思维模式和解决问题的方法。“统计与概率”知识在小学数学教学中占有举足轻重的地位。受教学环境和教学条件的限制,传统的“统计与概率”教学通常以教师传授知识为主,教学方法和手段陈旧、单一,难以有效组织和开展个性化的课堂教学活动,忽视了学生学习的主体地位,不利于学生自主探究能力的培养和创新思维的发展。随着信息技术的高速发展,那些具有高度可视化效果的统计软件为小学“统计与概率"教学提供了一种新的教学方式和手段,并正在成为一种推动小学数学“统计与概率”教学创新的重要动力。本文在分析几款常用统计软件的基础上,针对小学数学“统计与概率”教学的实际需求,为小学数学“统计与概率”教学量身订做了一款辅助教学系统。本文首先对软件进行了需求分析,并对系统设计过程中用到的一些关键技术进行了介绍；然后给出了系统功能的实现过程以及核心类的设计,详细介绍了分类与整理、统计表、统计图生成、统计量以及概率模型等多个模块的设计与实现；最后通过具体的教学案例展示了本系统的主要功能。本文设计开发的小学数学“统计与概率”教学系统具有交互性强、用户界面友好、系统功能与教材贴切、符合小学生认知特点等鲜明特色,为下一步应用到小学数学“统计与概率”教学中奠定了良好的基础。
[Abstract]:Statistics and probability is a subject to study data processing and random phenomena and their laws. It provides an important mode of thinking and a method to solve problems for people to understand the objective world. The knowledge of statistics and probability plays an important role in mathematics teaching in primary school. Due to the limitation of teaching environment and teaching conditions, the traditional teaching of "statistics and probability" is usually based on teachers' imparting knowledge, teaching methods and means are old, single, difficult to effectively organize and carry out individualized classroom teaching activities. Ignoring the main position of students' learning is not conducive to the cultivation of students' independent inquiry ability and the development of innovative thinking. With the rapid development of information technology, the statistical software with highly visualized effect provides a new teaching method and means for the teaching of "statistics and probability" in primary schools. It is becoming an important driving force to promote the teaching innovation of mathematics statistics and probability in primary school. Based on the analysis of several commonly used statistical software, this paper aims at the actual demand of "statistics and probability" teaching in primary school mathematics, and makes an auxiliary teaching system for the "statistics and probability" teaching of primary school mathematics. In this paper, the requirements of the software are analyzed, and some key technologies used in the system design are introduced, then the realization process of the system function and the design of the core classes are given, and the classification and arrangement are introduced in detail. Finally, the main functions of the system are demonstrated by a specific teaching case, including the design and implementation of several modules, such as the generation of statistical diagrams, statistics and probability models. The teaching system of "Statistics and probability" in primary school mathematics designed and developed in this paper has the characteristics of strong interaction, friendly user interface, appropriate system function and textbook, and accords with the cognitive characteristics of primary school students. It lays a good foundation for the application of statistics and probability in mathematics teaching in primary school.
【学位授予单位】：华中师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：G623.5
本文编号：2132781
[Abstract]:Statistics and probability is a subject to study data processing and random phenomena and their laws. It provides an important mode of thinking and a method to solve problems for people to understand the objective world. The knowledge of statistics and probability plays an important role in mathematics teaching in primary school. Due to the limitation of teaching environment and teaching conditions, the traditional teaching of "statistics and probability" is usually based on teachers' imparting knowledge, teaching methods and means are old, single, difficult to effectively organize and carry out individualized classroom teaching activities. Ignoring the main position of students' learning is not conducive to the cultivation of students' independent inquiry ability and the development of innovative thinking. With the rapid development of information technology, the statistical software with highly visualized effect provides a new teaching method and means for the teaching of "statistics and probability" in primary schools. It is becoming an important driving force to promote the teaching innovation of mathematics statistics and probability in primary school. Based on the analysis of several commonly used statistical software, this paper aims at the actual demand of "statistics and probability" teaching in primary school mathematics, and makes an auxiliary teaching system for the "statistics and probability" teaching of primary school mathematics. In this paper, the requirements of the software are analyzed, and some key technologies used in the system design are introduced, then the realization process of the system function and the design of the core classes are given, and the classification and arrangement are introduced in detail. Finally, the main functions of the system are demonstrated by a specific teaching case, including the design and implementation of several modules, such as the generation of statistical diagrams, statistics and probability models. The teaching system of "Statistics and probability" in primary school mathematics designed and developed in this paper has the characteristics of strong interaction, friendly user interface, appropriate system function and textbook, and accords with the cognitive characteristics of primary school students. It lays a good foundation for the application of statistics and probability in mathematics teaching in primary school.
【学位授予单位】：华中师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：G623.5
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